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source/meetings/meeting-67.rst

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.. note::
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These meetings marks the transition from **design to verification and integration**.
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These meetings marks the transition from **design to verification and integration**.
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With the multiplier and divider complete, the focus shifts to **test coverage**, **pipeline verification**, and **layout validation** for physical design readiness.
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Where Are We At?
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----------------
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- **Core:** CARP baseline operational; branch hazards pending integration.
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- **Multiplier:** Fully functional and verified at the unit level.
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- **Divider:** Completed and passing initial directed tests.
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- **Core:** CARP baseline operational; branch hazards pending integration.
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- **Multiplier:** Fully functional and verified at the unit level.
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- **Divider:** Completed and passing initial directed tests.
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- **Next Milestone:** Verify and integrate **RV32M extension** within the pipelined core.
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Immediate Priorities
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--------------------
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1. **Verification Continuation**
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- Extend regression suite to include both multiplier and divider.
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- Begin **core-level integration testing** (M-extension through writeback).
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- Document verification coverage metrics and corner-case behaviors.
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- Extend regression suite to include both multiplier and divider.
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- Begin **core-level integration testing** (M-extension through writeback).
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- Document verification coverage metrics and corner-case behaviors.
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- Validate hazard/stall/flush control under M-extension operations.
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2. **Layout Progression**
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- Continue SKY130 design rule familiarization and layout environment setup.
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- Review cell libraries, DRC/LVS conventions, and macro integration strategies.
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- Continue SKY130 design rule familiarization and layout environment setup.
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- Review cell libraries, DRC/LVS conventions, and macro integration strategies.
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- Start placing initial **floorplan prototypes** with realistic module sizing.
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3. **Documentation & Coordination**
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- Consolidate multiplier/divider design documentation.
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- Update CARP Docs with verification flow instructions (Verilator/Icarus/Cocotb).
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- Consolidate multiplier/divider design documentation.
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- Update CARP Docs with verification flow instructions (Verilator/Icarus/Cocotb).
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- Record latency tables, signed/unsigned behavior, and testbench summaries.
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Frontend Team (RTL Design)
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- **Responsibilities**
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* Maintain stable RTL for multiplier and divider modules.
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* Support verification with annotated waveforms and timing notes.
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* Assist in pipeline-level integration (forwarding, stall logic).
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* Maintain stable RTL for multiplier and divider modules.
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* Support verification with annotated waveforms and timing notes.
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* Assist in pipeline-level integration (forwarding, stall logic).
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- **Active Tasks (by today)**
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* Finalize integration of M-extension into `DE` and `EM` stages.
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* Validate stall propagation with new `hazard_unit`.
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* Finalize integration of M-extension into `DE` and `EM` stages.
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* Validate stall propagation with new `hazard_unit`.
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* Prepare short technical brief for divider latency and throughput.
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Backend Team (Verification)
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- **Responsibilities**
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* Perform end-to-end verification for multiplier/divider.
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* Expand testbench coverage to random and edge-case operands.
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* Begin regression for combined pipeline execution (M-extension ops).
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* Perform end-to-end verification for multiplier/divider.
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* Expand testbench coverage to random and edge-case operands.
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* Begin regression for combined pipeline execution (M-extension ops).
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- **Active Tasks (by today)**
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* Run full regression on multiplier/divider units.
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* Integrate both into core simulation and compare against Spike reference.
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* Run full regression on multiplier/divider units.
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* Integrate both into core simulation and compare against Spike reference.
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* Draft preliminary **coverage summary** and test methodology document.
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Layout Team (Physical / Floorplan)
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- **Responsibilities**
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* Advance SKY130 layout literacy: DRC/LVS, parasitics, and standard-cell usage.
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* Prepare layout sandbox for integration of arithmetic units.
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* Advance SKY130 layout literacy: DRC/LVS, parasitics, and standard-cell usage.
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* Prepare layout sandbox for integration of arithmetic units.
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* Identify memory macro boundaries and prepare DEF/LEF templates.
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- **Active Tasks (by today)**
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* Review SKY130 documentation for SRAM/ROM macro compatibility.
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* Produce report on multiplier/divider area estimates.
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* Review SKY130 documentation for SRAM/ROM macro compatibility.
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* Produce report on multiplier/divider area estimates.
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* Begin schematic/layout correlation for critical datapath cells.
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Next Steps
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----------
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- **By end of today:**
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* All teams: submit M-extension verification updates.
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* Frontend: integration of divider into the main datapath.
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* Backend: preliminary regression report uploaded to repo.
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* All teams: submit M-extension verification updates.
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* Frontend: integration of divider into the main datapath.
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* Backend: preliminary regression report uploaded to repo.
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* Layout: internal notes on macro placement and process layers.
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- **By next week:**
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* Full M-extension verification suite passing.
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* Core pipeline validated with stalls, flushes, and forwarding.
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* Full M-extension verification suite passing.
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* Core pipeline validated with stalls, flushes, and forwarding.
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* Layout team to present first complete **floorplan snapshot** (with M-unit blocks).

source/meetings/meeting-8.rst

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.. note::
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These sessions mark our transition from **arithmetic verification** into **control flow and prediction**.
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These sessions mark our transition from **arithmetic verification** into **control flow and prediction**.
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With the multiplier and divider modules stabilized, we’re now expanding toward **branch hazards**, **control transfer**, and **prediction logic**—but with a lighter cadence during midterms.
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Current Focus
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--------------
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- **Core:** Pipelined baseline operational; branch logic pending refinement.
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- **Multiplier / Divider:** Verified at the unit level and integrated through the M-extension.
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- **Core:** Pipelined baseline operational; branch logic pending refinement.
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- **Multiplier / Divider:** Verified at the unit level and integrated through the M-extension.
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- **Next Phase:** Control transfer validation (JAL, JALR, BRANCH) and branch prediction design.
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Control Transfer Overview
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Branches and jumps bring *decision-making* to the CPU—without them, the processor is just a deterministic calculator.
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- **Branches**
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- **Branches**
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- Enable `if/else`, `for`, `while`, and `do-while` constructs.
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- Enable `if/else`, `for`, `while`, and `do-while` constructs.
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- Use the **B-type** immediate format with RS1/RS2 comparison.
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- **Jumps**
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- **Jumps**
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- Enable *function calls* and *returns*.
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- `JAL` uses **PC + J-type** immediate.
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- Enable *function calls* and *returns*.
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- `JAL` uses **PC + J-type** immediate.
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- `JALR` uses **PC + (RS1 + I-type)** and requires forwarding RS1 if not yet written back.
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**Control Transfer Opcodes**
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- ``JAL`` Jump and Link
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- ``JALR`` Jump and Link Register
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- ``JAL`` Jump and Link
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- ``JALR`` Jump and Link Register
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- ``BRANCH`` Conditional control transfer (BEQ, BNE, etc.)
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Hazards and Forwarding
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When branching or jumping, hazards may arise from unresolved or in-flight instructions:
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- **JAL / JALR**
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- Unresolved branch or jump ahead.
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- RS1 dependency in multiply/divide.
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- Unresolved branch or jump ahead.
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- RS1 dependency in multiply/divide.
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- Divider or load-use stalls.
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- **Branch**
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- RS1 and RS2 may need forwarding.
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- RS1 and RS2 may need forwarding.
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- Pending jump/branch in pipeline.
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Ensure the **hazard unit** handles:
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We’re officially entering **branch prediction**—the earliest form of machine learning!
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**Why Prediction?**
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- Improves instruction throughput by guessing branch outcomes before resolution.
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- Improves instruction throughput by guessing branch outcomes before resolution.
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- Reduces pipeline stalls due to control hazards.
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**Branch Prediction Logic**
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- Predictor can mark branches as *strongly taken*, *weakly taken*, or *not taken*.
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- Predictor can mark branches as *strongly taken*, *weakly taken*, or *not taken*.
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- Fetch and decode stages can speculatively forward instructions based on prediction state.
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**FETCH Stage (with Prediction)**
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- Forward RS1/RS2 if available.
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- Forward RS1/RS2 if available.
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- If predictor says **strongly taken**, preemptively adjust PC.
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**DECODE Stage (with Prediction)**
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- Continue to forward RS1/RS2 as needed.
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- Continue to forward RS1/RS2 as needed.
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- Use branch prediction result to decide speculative execution path.
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Verification Priorities
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1. **Branch and Jump Integration**
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- Validate JAL/JALR instruction sequencing.
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- Validate JAL/JALR instruction sequencing.
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- Confirm correct return address storage and PC computation.
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2. **Hazard and Stall Handling**
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- Test control stalls alongside load-use and M-extension interactions.
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- Test control stalls alongside load-use and M-extension interactions.
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- Ensure pipeline flushes on mispredicted branches.
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3. **Prediction Validation**
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- Implement basic static predictor (always taken / backward taken).
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- Implement basic static predictor (always taken / backward taken).
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- Begin simulation runs with branch-heavy benchmarks.
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Next Steps
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**By next week (lighter schedule):**
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- RTL: Integrate basic branch functionality into EEL.
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- RTL: Integrate basic branch functionality into EEL.
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- Verification: Add control-transfer test cases
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**After midterms:**
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- Expand predictor sophistication (2-bit saturating counter).
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- Expand predictor sophistication (2-bit saturating counter).
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- Begin full end-to-end pipeline regression with hazards, M-extension, and branch logic active.
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---
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*Relaxed focus for midterms:*
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The next two weeks are for stabilization, documentation, and conceptual understanding.
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*Relaxed focus for midterms:*
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The next two weeks are for stabilization, documentation, and conceptual understanding.
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No major synthesis or layout pushes until post-midterm.

source/meetings/roberts-comp-arch-presentation.md

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# Intro to Computer Architecture Slides
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View the [Robert's Intro to Computer Architecture Presentation (PDF)](../_static/pdf/meeting-slides/intro-to-comp-arch.pdf)
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```{raw} html

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