diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 483168ea..9cb5536e 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/).
 
 ### Added
 
+- **Azure `NewPartialSubscriptionFailure` constructor:** builds a
+  `PartialSubscriptionFailureError`, optionally with skip reasons readable
+  through `Skips()`, so code outside the module can construct one, for example
+  in tests.
 - **Azure currency refusals wrap `common.ErrCurrencyNotAccepted`:** reservation
   purchase, savings plan purchase and reservation exchange refusals can now be
   detected with `errors.Is`; each existing message gains a
diff --git a/providers/azure/recommendations_multi_subscription.go b/providers/azure/recommendations_multi_subscription.go
index 2c0f5939..074748b1 100644
--- a/providers/azure/recommendations_multi_subscription.go
+++ b/providers/azure/recommendations_multi_subscription.go
@@ -445,6 +445,19 @@ func newPartialSubscriptionFailure(attempted int, failed []SubscriptionFailure,
 	return e
 }
 
+// NewPartialSubscriptionFailure builds a PartialSubscriptionFailureError for
+// callers that need to construct one, for example in tests of code that
+// handles it. attempted is how many subscriptions the sweep covered and failed
+// lists those that errored; Succeeded is derived as attempted minus
+// len(failed). skipReasons are the recommendations that reachable subscriptions
+// dropped: empty or nil leaves Skips() nil, otherwise Skips() reports them. The
+// slice is copied. Reasons are used as given, as final strings: the collection
+// path prefixes each with "<subscription ID>: ", so callers wanting that shape
+// must add it. attempted should be >= len(failed).
+func NewPartialSubscriptionFailure(attempted int, failed []SubscriptionFailure, skipReasons []string) *PartialSubscriptionFailureError {
+	return newPartialSubscriptionFailure(attempted, failed, append([]string(nil), skipReasons...))
+}
+
 // GetRecommendationsForService retrieves recommendations for a single
 // service across every subscription.
 func (m *MultiSubscriptionRecommendationsClient) GetRecommendationsForService(ctx context.Context, service common.ServiceType) ([]common.Recommendation, error) {
diff --git a/providers/azure/recommendations_partial_failure_ctor_test.go b/providers/azure/recommendations_partial_failure_ctor_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..61afb2e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/providers/azure/recommendations_partial_failure_ctor_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package azure_test
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/LeanerCloud/cloud-commitments-go/providers/azure"
+)
+
+func TestNewPartialSubscriptionFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	cause := errors.New("boom")
+	failed := []azure.SubscriptionFailure{{SubscriptionID: "sub-b", Err: cause}}
+
+	t.Run("without skips", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, reasons := range [][]string{nil, {}} {
+			err := fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", azure.NewPartialSubscriptionFailure(3, failed, reasons))
+			got := azure.AsPartialSubscriptionFailure(err)
+			require.NotNil(t, got)
+			assert.Nil(t, got.Skips())
+			assert.Equal(t, 3, got.Attempted)
+			assert.Equal(t, 2, got.Succeeded)
+			assert.Equal(t, failed, got.Failed)
+			assert.ErrorIs(t, err, cause)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("with skips", func(t *testing.T) {
+		reasons := []string{"a: skipped", "b: skipped"}
+		e := azure.NewPartialSubscriptionFailure(3, failed, reasons)
+		got := azure.AsPartialSubscriptionFailure(e)
+		require.NotNil(t, got)
+		skips := got.Skips()
+		require.NotNil(t, skips)
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, skips.SkippedCount())
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"a: skipped", "b: skipped"}, skips.SkipReasons())
+
+		reasons[0] = "mutated"
+		assert.Equal(t, "a: skipped", got.Skips().SkipReasons()[0], "input slice must be copied")
+		got.Skips().SkipReasons()[1] = "mutated"
+		assert.Equal(t, "b: skipped", got.Skips().SkipReasons()[1], "returned slice must be a copy")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("not a partial result", func(t *testing.T) {
+		e := azure.NewPartialSubscriptionFailure(3, failed, []string{"x"})
+		var p interface{ Partial() bool }
+		assert.False(t, errors.As(e, &p))
+	})
+}