Update build-deps Dockerfiles

[AnHeuermann]

Issue

The CI always uses apt to install additional build dependencies like asan, see e.g. https://github.com/OpenModelica/OMSimulator/blob/master/.CI/cache/Dockerfile.
apt doesn't have a stable CLI and always installing packages slows down the build..

Instead the CI should use pre-build Docker image to speed up test execution time.
In addition there are multiple very old Docker iamges that need to be updated:

• alpine (5 years)
• cache-32 (2 years)
• cache-arm32 (7 years)

Tasks

• Create new branches for 32bit and ARM in https://github.com/OpenModelica/build-deps with OMSimulator specific dependencies.
• Update build-deps images in .CI/.