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Author: PinkQween

Sources/Math/Constants/Math/MathConstants.swift

@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ public struct MathConstants: Sendable {
 
     /// Euler’s number (≈ 2.718…), ASCII alias for ``Ɛ``.
     public static let e = Math.Ɛ
+
+    /// Euler’s number with units (dimensionless).
+    public static let ƐUnit = MathUnit(Math.Ɛ, StandardUnits.unitless)
+
+    /// Euler’s number with units (dimensionless), ASCII alias for ``ƐUnit``.
+    public static let eUnit = ƐUnit
 
     /// The constant π (≈ 3.14159…), ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter.
     ///
@@ -38,10 +44,22 @@ public struct MathConstants: Sendable {
 
     /// The constant π (≈ 3.14159…), ASCII alias for ``π``.
     public static let pi = Math.π
+
+    /// The constant π with units (dimensionless).
+    public static let πUnit = MathUnit(Math.π, StandardUnits.unitless)
+
+    /// The constant π with units (dimensionless), ASCII alias for ``πUnit``.
+    public static let piUnit = πUnit
 
     /// The square root of 2 (≈ 1.41421…).
     public static let sqrt2 = Math.sqrt2
+
+    /// The square root of 2 with units (dimensionless).
+    public static let sqrt2Unit = MathUnit(Math.sqrt2, StandardUnits.unitless)
 
     /// The square root of 3 (≈ 1.73205…).
     public static let sqrt3 = Math.sqrt3
+
+    /// The square root of 3 with units (dimensionless).
+    public static let sqrt3Unit = MathUnit(Math.sqrt3, StandardUnits.unitless)
 }

Sources/Math/Constants/Physics/AstronomyConstants.swift

@@ -10,6 +10,13 @@
 /// All constants are provided as Math values in SI units unless otherwise noted.
 /// Units are documented in the constant descriptions.
 public struct AstronomyConstants: Sendable {
+    private static func compoundUnit(
+        name: String,
+        symbol: String,
+        components: [(unit: Unit, exponent: Int)]
+    ) -> Unit {
+        Unit.compound(name: name, symbol: symbol, components: components, notes: name)
+    }
 
     // MARK: - Cosmological Constants
 
@@ -21,107 +28,187 @@ public struct AstronomyConstants: Sendable {
     /// Alias for Hubble constant
     public static let H₀ = hubbleConstant
 
+    /// Hubble constant with units (km/s/Mpc)
+    public static let hubbleConstantUnit = MathUnit(
+        hubbleConstant,
+        compoundUnit(
+            name: "hubble constant",
+            symbol: "km/(s·Mpc)",
+            components: [
+                (StandardUnits.kilometer, 1),
+                (StandardUnits.second, -1),
+                (StandardUnits.megaparsec, -1)
+            ]
+        )
+    )
+
+    /// Alias for Hubble constant with units
+    public static let H₀Unit = hubbleConstantUnit
+
     /// Speed of light (c)
     /// Value: 299,792,458 m/s
     public static let c = PhysicsConstants.c
 
     /// Alias for speed of light
     public static let speedOfLight = c
 
+    /// Speed of light with units
+    public static let speedOfLightUnit = PhysicsConstants.cUnit
+
     // MARK: - Solar System - Sun
 
     /// Solar mass (M☉)
     /// Value: 1.98892 × 10³⁰ kg
     public static let solarMass = Math(1.98892e30)
 
+    /// Solar mass with units
+    public static let solarMassUnit = MathUnit(solarMass, StandardUnits.kilogram)
+
     /// Solar radius (R☉)
     /// Value: 6.96 × 10⁸ m (696,000 km)
     public static let solarRadius = Math(6.96e8)
 
+    /// Solar radius with units
+    public static let solarRadiusUnit = MathUnit(solarRadius, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Solar luminosity (L☉)
     /// Value: 3.828 × 10²⁶ W
     public static let solarLuminosity = Math(3.828e26)
 
+    /// Solar luminosity with units
+    public static let solarLuminosityUnit = MathUnit(solarLuminosity, StandardUnits.watt)
+
     /// Solar temperature (effective surface temperature)
     /// Value: 5778 K
     public static let solarTemperature = Math(5778)
 
+    /// Solar temperature with units
+    public static let solarTemperatureUnit = MathUnit(solarTemperature, StandardUnits.kelvin)
+
     // MARK: - Solar System - Earth
 
     /// Earth mass (M⊕)
     /// Value: 5.97237 × 10²⁴ kg
     public static let earthMass = Math(5.97237e24)
 
+    /// Earth mass with units
+    public static let earthMassUnit = MathUnit(earthMass, StandardUnits.kilogram)
+
     /// Earth radius (mean)
     /// Value: 6.371 × 10⁶ m (6,371 km)
     public static let earthRadius = Math(6.371e6)
 
+    /// Earth radius with units
+    public static let earthRadiusUnit = MathUnit(earthRadius, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Earth equatorial radius
     /// Value: 6.3781 × 10⁶ m (6,378.1 km)
     public static let earthEquatorialRadius = Math(6.3781e6)
 
+    /// Earth equatorial radius with units
+    public static let earthEquatorialRadiusUnit = MathUnit(earthEquatorialRadius, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Earth polar radius
     /// Value: 6.3568 × 10⁶ m (6,356.8 km)
     public static let earthPolarRadius = Math(6.3568e6)
 
+    /// Earth polar radius with units
+    public static let earthPolarRadiusUnit = MathUnit(earthPolarRadius, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Standard gravity on Earth (g)
     /// Value: 9.80665 m/s² (exact, standard)
     public static let standardGravity = Math(9.80665)
 
     /// Alias for standard gravity
     public static let g = standardGravity
 
+    /// Standard gravity with units
+    public static let standardGravityUnit = MathUnit(standardGravity, StandardUnits.meterPerSecondSquared)
+
     /// Astronomical unit (AU) - Earth-Sun mean distance
     /// Value: 1.495978707 × 10¹¹ m (exact)
     public static let astronomicalUnit = Math(1.495978707e11)
 
     /// Alias for astronomical unit
     public static let AU = astronomicalUnit
 
+    /// Astronomical unit with units
+    public static let astronomicalUnitUnit = MathUnit(astronomicalUnit, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Earth orbital period (sidereal year)
     /// Value: 365.256363004 days
     public static let siderealYear = Math(365.256363004)
 
+    /// Sidereal year with units
+    public static let siderealYearUnit = MathUnit(siderealYear, StandardUnits.day)
+
     /// Tropical year (equinox to equinox)
     /// Value: 365.24219 days
     public static let tropicalYear = Math(365.24219)
 
+    /// Tropical year with units
+    public static let tropicalYearUnit = MathUnit(tropicalYear, StandardUnits.day)
+
     /// Earth's orbital velocity (mean)
     /// Value: 29,780 m/s (29.78 km/s)
     public static let earthOrbitalVelocity = Math(29780)
 
+    /// Earth's orbital velocity with units
+    public static let earthOrbitalVelocityUnit = MathUnit(earthOrbitalVelocity, StandardUnits.meterPerSecond)
+
     // MARK: - Solar System - Moon
 
     /// Lunar mass (M☾)
     /// Value: 7.342 × 10²² kg
     public static let lunarMass = Math(7.342e22)
 
+    /// Lunar mass with units
+    public static let lunarMassUnit = MathUnit(lunarMass, StandardUnits.kilogram)
+
     /// Lunar radius (mean)
     /// Value: 1.7374 × 10⁶ m (1,737.4 km)
     public static let lunarRadius = Math(1.7374e6)
 
+    /// Lunar radius with units
+    public static let lunarRadiusUnit = MathUnit(lunarRadius, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Earth-Moon mean distance
     /// Value: 3.844 × 10⁸ m (384,400 km)
     public static let earthMoonDistance = Math(3.844e8)
 
+    /// Earth-Moon distance with units
+    public static let earthMoonDistanceUnit = MathUnit(earthMoonDistance, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Lunar orbital period (sidereal month)
     /// Value: 27.321661 days
     public static let siderealMonth = Math(27.321661)
 
+    /// Sidereal month with units
+    public static let siderealMonthUnit = MathUnit(siderealMonth, StandardUnits.day)
+
     /// Synodic month (new moon to new moon)
     /// Value: 29.530589 days
     public static let synodicMonth = Math(29.530589)
 
+    /// Synodic month with units
+    public static let synodicMonthUnit = MathUnit(synodicMonth, StandardUnits.day)
+
     // MARK: - Solar System - Other Planets
 
     /// Jupiter mass (M♃)
     /// Value: 1.8982 × 10²⁷ kg
     public static let jupiterMass = Math(1.8982e27)
 
+    /// Jupiter mass with units
+    public static let jupiterMassUnit = MathUnit(jupiterMass, StandardUnits.kilogram)
+
     /// Jupiter radius (equatorial)
     /// Value: 7.1492 × 10⁷ m (71,492 km)
     public static let jupiterRadius = Math(7.1492e7)
 
+    /// Jupiter radius with units
+    public static let jupiterRadiusUnit = MathUnit(jupiterRadius, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     // MARK: - Astronomical Distances
 
     /// Light-year (ly)
@@ -131,27 +218,39 @@ public struct AstronomyConstants: Sendable {
     /// Alias for light-year
     public static let ly = lightYear
 
+    /// Light-year with units
+    public static let lightYearUnit = MathUnit(lightYear, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Parsec (pc)
     /// Value: 3.0856775814913673 × 10¹⁶ m
     public static let parsec = Math(3.0856775814913673e16)
 
     /// Alias for parsec
     public static let pc = parsec
 
+    /// Parsec with units
+    public static let parsecUnit = MathUnit(parsec, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Kiloparsec (kpc)
     /// Value: 3.0856775814913673 × 10¹⁹ m
     public static let kiloparsec = Math(3.0856775814913673e19)
 
     /// Alias for kiloparsec
     public static let kpc = kiloparsec
 
+    /// Kiloparsec with units
+    public static let kiloparsecUnit = MathUnit(kiloparsec, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     /// Megaparsec (Mpc)
     /// Value: 3.0856775814913673 × 10²² m
     public static let megaparsec = Math(3.0856775814913673e22)
 
     /// Alias for megaparsec
     public static let Mpc = megaparsec
 
+    /// Megaparsec with units
+    public static let megaparsecUnit = MathUnit(megaparsec, StandardUnits.meter)
+
     // MARK: - Calculation Helpers
 
     /// Calculate Schwarzschild radius for a given mass
@@ -172,6 +271,13 @@ public struct AstronomyConstants: Sendable {
         return (2 * G * mass) / (c * c)
     }
 
+    /// Calculate Schwarzschild radius for a given mass with units
+    public static func schwarzschildRadius(mass: MathUnit) -> MathUnit? {
+        guard let m = mass.converted(to: StandardUnits.kilogram) else { return nil }
+        let rs = schwarzschildRadius(mass: m.value)
+        return MathUnit(rs, StandardUnits.meter)
+    }
+
     /// Calculate escape velocity from a celestial body
     /// Formula: v_esc = √(2GM/r)
     ///
@@ -192,4 +298,12 @@ public struct AstronomyConstants: Sendable {
         let G = PhysicsConstants.G
         return Math.sqrt((2 * G * mass) / radius)
     }
+
+    /// Calculate escape velocity for a given mass and radius with units
+    public static func escapeVelocity(mass: MathUnit, radius: MathUnit) -> MathUnit? {
+        guard let m = mass.converted(to: StandardUnits.kilogram) else { return nil }
+        guard let r = radius.converted(to: StandardUnits.meter) else { return nil }
+        let v = escapeVelocity(mass: m.value, radius: r.value)
+        return MathUnit(v, StandardUnits.meterPerSecond)
+    }
 }