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Arch Linux EFI BTRFS Installation + Desktop

launch archlinux USB image

test connection

ping arch.org

set timedate ntp

timedatectl set-ntp true

use reflector to update mirrors (Poland in my case)

reflector -c Poland -a 6 --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

check drives

lsblk

setup partitions

  • create efi,swap and filesystem partitions
  • use gdisk
gdisk /dev/sda
  • new partiton EFI
n
  • default first sector is fine {PRESS ENTER}
  • set last sector to 300M
+300M
  • code for efi is
ef00
  • new partiton SWAP
n
  • default first sector is fine {PRESS ENTER}
  • last sector should be at least half of your ammount of ram, soo in my case
+4G
  • code for SWAP is
8200
  • new partiton filesystem
n
  • default first sector is fine {PRESS ENTER}
  • default last sector is fine {PRESS ENTER}
  • default linux filesystem is fine {PRESS ENTER}
  • write all changes
w

format partitons

  • format efi (fat32)
mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/sda1
  • format filesystem (btrfs)
mkfs.btrfs /dev/sda3
  • make swap (swap)
mkswap /dev/sda2
  • activate swap
swapon /dev/sda2

create BTRFS subvolumes

  • mount partition with BTRFS
mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
  • create root subvolume
btrfs su cr /mnt/@
  • create home subvolume
btrfs su cr /mnt/@home
  • create snapshots subvolume
btrfs su cr /mnt/@snapshots
  • create var_log subvolume
btrfs su cr /mnt/@var_log
  • unmount partition with BTRFS
unmount /mnt

mount everything in place

  • mount root subvolume
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@ /dev/sda3 /mnt
  • create needed directories
mkdir -p /mnt/{boot,home,.snapshots,var_log}
  • mount home subvolume
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@home /dev/sda3 /mnt/home
  • mount snapshot subvolume
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@snapshots /dev/sda3 /mnt/.snapshots
  • mount var_log subvolume
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@var_log /dev/sda3 /mnt/var_log
  • mount efi partition
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
  • check if everything looks fine
lsblk

install base packages using pacstrap

  • if you have AMD CPU
pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-firmware neovim git amd-ucode
  • if you have Intel CPU
pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-firmware neovim git intel-ucode

(Need help?) How To Fix “invalid or corrupted package (PGP signature)” Error

pacman -S archlinux-keyring

generate filesystem table (fstab)

genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

change root

arch-chroot /mnt

HERE

setup basic stuff

  • setup timezone (Poland in my case)
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Warsaw /etc/localtime
  • synchronize hardware clock and system clock
hwclock --systohc
  • open gen file and setup locale
nvim /etc/locale.gen
  • uncomment
en_US.UTF
en_US ISO
  • generate locale
locale-gen
  • open locale conf
nvim /etc/locale.conf
  • update locale.conf by adding
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
  • update hostname
nvim /etc/hostname
  • enter
arch
  • open hosts
nvim /etc/hosts
  • update hosts (add this at the end of the file)
127.0.0.1   localhost
::1         localhost
127.0.0.1   yourhostname.localdomain    yourhostname
  • setup root password
passwd root
  • open pacman config
nvim /etc/pacman/pacman.conf
  • update config by uncommenting
Color
ParrallelDownloads = 5
  • update config by adding under uncommented lines
ILoveCandy

setup grub and networkmanager

  • get packages
pacman -S grub efibootmgr networkmanager network-manager-applet dialog wpa_supplicant mtools dosfstools reflector snapper blue bluez-utils xdg-utils xdg-user-dirs alsa-utils pulseaudio pulseaudio-bluetooth inetutils linux-headers bash-completion
  • get rest of alsa drivers
sudo pacman -S pipewire-alsa pipewire-pulse
  • open mkinitcpio config
nvim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
  • change line
MODULES=()
  • to something like this
MODULES=(btrfs)
  • regenerate kernel image with btrfs module
mkinitcpio -p linux
  • install grub
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=GRUB --removable
  • generate configuration file for grub
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

enable basic things

  • networkmanager
systemctl enable NetworkManager
  • bluetooth
systemctl enable bluetooth

set clock synchronize

timedatectl set-ntp true

create user and add persmissions

  • create user
useradd -mG wheel username
passwd username
  • edit sudoers file
nvim /etc/sudoers
  • uncomment this line
# %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

moment of truth

  • exit installation
exit
  • unmount everything
umount -a
  • reboot
reboot

adding keymap

  • find your keymap (i am looking for pl)
localectl list-keymaps | grep pl
  • open keymap
sudo nvim /etc/vconsole.conf
  • add your keymap
KEYMAP=yourkeymap

[optional] adding keymap in X11 config (pl in my case)

adding keymapping into vconsole may not always work. If that's the case try to add it in different location

  • open keyboard.conf
sudo nvim /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf
  • paste this
Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "system-keyboard"
    MatchIsKeyboard "on"
    Option "XkbLayout" "pl"
EndSection
  • save

paru setup

sudo pacman -S rustup
rustup default stable
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/paru.git
cd paru
makepkg -si
cd ..
sudo rm -r paru

snapshots configuration

  • unmount snapshots directory
sudo umount /.snapshots
  • remove snapshots directory
sudo rm -r /.snapshots
  • create snapper configuration for root
sudo snapper -c root create-config /
  • creating configuraiton subvolume for thing we already have so we remove it
sudo btrfs subvolume delete /.snapshots
  • recreate .snapshots directory
sudo mkdir /.snapshots
  • remount
sudo mount -a
  • change permissions for snapshots directory
sudo chmod 750 /.snapshots
  • open snapper configuration file
sudo nvim /etc/snapper/configs/root
  • add yourself to allowed users
# users and groups allowed to work with config
ALLOW_USERS="yourusername"
  • change limit for timeline cleanup
# limits for timeline cleanup
TIMELINE_MIN_AGE="1800"
TIMELINE_LIMIT_HOURLY="5"
TIMELINE_LIMIT_DAILY="7"
TIMELINE_LIMIT_WEEKLY="0"
TIMELINE_LIMIT_MONTHLY="0"
TIMELINE_LIMIT_YEARLY="0"
  • enable timeline and cleanup
sudo systemctl enable --now snapper-timeline.timer
sudo systemctl enable --now snapper-cleanup.timer
  • install packages from AUR
paru -S snap-pac-grub snapper-gui
  • install rsync using pacman
sudo pacman -S rsync
  • create hooks
sudo mkdir /etc/pacman.d/hooks
sudo nvim /etc/pacman.d/hooks/50-bootbackup.hook

[Trigger]
Operation = Upgrade
Operation = Install
Operation = Remove
Type = Path
Target = boot/*

[Action]
Depends = rsync
Description = Backing up /boot...
When = PreTransaction
Exec = /usr/bin/rsync -a --delete /boot /.bootbackup
  • change permissions of the snapshots folder
sudo chmod a+rx /.snapshots 
sudo chown :username /.snapshots
  • open mkinitcpio config
sudo nvim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
  • remove fsck hook
HOOKS=(...,fsck)
  • regenerate kernel image
sudo mkinitcpio -p linux

install i3 wm

  • get packages
sudo pacman -S xorg-server xorg-apps xorg-xinit i3-wm i3blocks dunst flameshot playerctl rofi pamixer feh xclip xcompmgr alacritty firefox ttf-font-awesome ttf-firacode-nerd ttf-dejavu ttf-joypixels
paru -S betterlockscreen
  • install drivers (list and select appropriate)
pacman -Ss xf86-video
  • crate config directory
mkdir ~/.config
  • get config
https://github.com/Talandar99/i3_config.git ~/.config/i3
  • create file .xinitrc in home dir
nvim ~/.xinitrc
  • Add line:
exec dbus-launch i3
  • launch i3 and have fun
startx

bluetooth

  • install blueberry
sudo pacman -S blueberry
  • allow yourself to use input
sudo usermod -G yourusername

thunar

sudo pacman -S thunar thunar-volman gvfs tumbler polkit-gnome