You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session.You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session.You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session.Dismiss alert
An interactive explainer, data dashboard, and self-assessment
7
-
________________________________________
8
-
The Concept in Short
2
+
The Concept
9
3
Zero-sum thinking is the belief that gains for one group necessarily come at the expense of others. This belief shapes how people interpret economic change, social groups, and public policy.
10
-
________________________________________
11
-
Purpose
4
+
Purpose of the Website
12
5
This website translates the empirical findings of the publication “Zero-Sum Thinking and the Roots of U.S. Political Differences” by Sahil Chinoy, Nathan Nunn, Sandra Sequeira, Stefanie Stantcheva into an interactive, public-facing educational platform. It combines conceptual explanation, empirical visualization, and self-assessment, while maintaining academic rigor, transparency, and ethical safeguards.
13
-
________________________________________
14
6
Why Zero-Sum Thinking
15
7
Beliefs about gains and losses unavoidably play a central role in social and political life. Zero-sum thinking shapes how people interpret conflict and cooperation, evaluate political leaders, respond to election outcomes, and assess policies related to redistribution, immigration, trade, and social inclusion. It helps explain why similar economic or social changes can generate cooperation and trust in some settings, but fear, polarization, or conflict in others.
16
8
Why This Study
17
9
The research used draws on a large-scale, carefully designed survey study by established scholars in political economy and public economics. By systematically measuring zero-sum thinking and linking it to political attitudes, the study provides one of the most comprehensive empirical frameworks to date for understanding how underlying beliefs about gains and losses contribute to political disagreement, policy resistance, and broader patterns of social cohesion and conflict.
18
-
________________________________________
19
-
What You Can Explore on This Site [Primary Actions]
20
-
What Is Zero-Sum Thinking? (Conceptual Explainer)
21
-
Learn what zero-sum thinking means and how it differs from “win-win” perspectives.
22
-
Explore the Data (Interactive Dashboard)
23
-
Examine aggregated charts and maps showing patterns reported in the study.
24
-
Take the Zero-Sum Thinking Test (Self-Assessment)
25
-
Answer a short questionnaire adapted from the research and see how your responses compare with the overall distribution.
26
-
________________________________________
27
-
Explore the Data [Interactive Preview (Clickable)]
28
-
Preview selected aggregated results from the study.
29
-
Click to open the Explore the Data page.
30
-
________________________________________
31
-
Source & Attribution
32
-
All findings and data summarized here are drawn from the authors’ published research and related materials. This site presents those results for educational purposes.
33
-
________________________________________
34
-
Transparency Note (Small Text)
35
-
Educational use only. Aggregated data only. No personal information is stored.
10
+
What You Find on This Site
11
+
What Is Zero-Sum Thinking? (Call to Action)
12
+
Learn what zero-sum thinking means and how it differs from “win-win” perspectives.
13
+
Explore the Data (Call to Action)
14
+
Examine aggregated charts and maps showing patterns reported in the study.
15
+
Take the Zero-Sum Thinking Test (Call to Action)
16
+
Answer a short questionnaire adapted from the research and see how your responses compare with the overall distribution.
17
+
The Research (Call to Action)
18
+
Brief description of the research the website relies on.
19
+
Methods and Transparency (Call to Action)
20
+
Briefly explains for the professional user about methods employed in the original research.
7. Ethics, Privacy & Disclaimer (For Researchers, Ethicists and Professors)
2
1
PAGE 7 — ETHICS, PRIVACY & DISCLAIMER
3
-
Purpose of This Page
4
-
This page explains how this website handles data, protects users’ privacy, and presents research responsibly. It also clarifies how the information on this site should—and should not—be interpreted.
5
-
________________________________________
6
2
Ethical Use of Research
7
3
This website presents academic research for educational and informational purposes. The goal is to improve public understanding of how beliefs about gains and losses relate to political attitudes, not to persuade users toward particular views or policies.
8
-
The presentation is non-partisan and does not promote political positions, parties, or candidates.
9
4
________________________________________
10
5
Privacy Protection
11
6
This website is designed to respect user privacy.
12
-
• No personal identifying information is collected.
13
-
• Responses to the self-assessment test are not stored or transmitted.
14
-
• Test results are calculated locally and displayed only to the user.
15
-
• The site does not track individual behavior beyond standard, minimal website analytics (if any).
16
-
No individual-level survey data from the original study are displayed or accessible through this site.
7
+
• No personal identifying information is collected.
8
+
• Responses to the self-assessment test are not stored or transmitted.
9
+
• Test results are calculated locally and displayed only to the user.
17
10
________________________________________
18
11
Responsible Interpretation
19
12
The concepts and results presented on this website should be interpreted with care.
20
-
• The zero-sum thinking index reflects general tendencies, not fixed traits.
21
-
• Higher or lower scores do not indicate that a view is right or wrong.
22
-
• Group-level patterns do not imply that all individuals in a group think the same way.
23
-
• Associations shown in charts do not demonstrate causal relationships.
24
-
The information presented here is intended to inform reflection and discussion, not to label or judge individuals or groups.
13
+
• The zero-sum thinking index reflects general tendencies, not fixed traits.
14
+
• Group-level patterns do not imply that all individuals in a group think the same way.
15
+
• Associations shown in charts do not demonstrate causal relationships.
25
16
________________________________________
26
17
Limitations
27
18
This website summarizes findings from a specific study conducted in a particular context. As with all research, results are subject to limitations related to survey design, measurement, and interpretation.
28
-
Users interested in technical details, robustness checks, and limitations are encouraged to consult the original publication and its supplementary materials.
29
19
________________________________________
30
20
Disclaimer
31
21
This website is an independent educational presentation of published academic research. It does not represent the views of the original authors, their institutions, or any funding bodies.
When referencing material from this site, please cite:
37
-
1. The original academic publication
38
-
Chinoy, S., Nunn, N., Sequeira, S., & Stantcheva, S. (2025). Zero-sum thinking and the roots of U.S. political differences (NBER Working Paper No. 31688). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w31688
39
-
2. This website
40
-
Website Team. (2026). Zero-sum thinking and U.S. political differences: An interactive educational summary. Programming and Data for Policy Makers course project. https://your-site-url
27
+
1. The original academic publication: Chinoy, S., Nunn, N., Sequeira, S., & Stantcheva, S. (2025). Zero-sum thinking and the roots of U.S. political differences (NBER Working Paper No. 31688). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w31688
28
+
2.This website: Website Team. (2026). Zero-sum thinking and U.S. political differences: An interactive educational summary. Programming and Data for Policy Makers course project. https://your-site-url
9. About the Project / Team (Professors, Researchers and Ordinary Users)
2
1
PAGE 9 — ABOUT THE PROJECT
3
-
About This Website
2
+
The Project
4
3
This website was created as an educational project to make academic research on zero-sum thinking accessible to a broader audience. It presents a non-partisan, public-facing summary of published research, combining conceptual explanation, data visualization, and a self-assessment tool.
5
4
The site does not conduct original research or collect new data. Its purpose is to support learning, policy discussion, and informed reflection on how beliefs about gains and losses relate to political attitudes and social outcomes.
6
5
________________________________________
7
-
About the Research
8
-
The content presented on this website is based on the study “Zero-Sum Thinking and the Roots of U.S. Political Differences.” The study examines how beliefs about gains and losses—rather than policy positions or partisan identities alone—help explain political disagreement and polarization in the United States.
9
-
The research relies on large-scale survey data and established methods in political economy and public economics. Full methodological details, survey instruments, and replication materials are available in the original publication and its supplementary materials.
10
-
________________________________________
11
-
About the Research Authors
6
+
The Research Authors
12
7
The research summarized on this website was conducted by Sahil Chinoy, Nathan Nunn, Sandra Sequeira, and Stefanie Stantcheva.
13
-
• Sahil Chinoy is an economist whose research focuses on political economy, beliefs, and economic behavior.
14
-
• Nathan Nunn is an economist known for his work on economic development, history, and the role of beliefs and institutions in shaping economic outcomes.
15
-
• Sandra Sequeira is an economist whose research examines development, trade, and political economy, with a focus on how economic structures affect behavior and policy.
16
-
• Stefanie Stantcheva is an economist whose work focuses on public economics, beliefs, and political attitudes, particularly how people understand redistribution and inequality.
17
-
Together, the authors’ work contributes to a growing body of research on how beliefs and perceptions shape political and economic outcomes.
18
-
________________________________________
19
-
About the Website Project
8
+
• Sahil Chinoy: A Postdoctoral Associate and Lecturer at Yale University, he will join Stanford University as an Assistant Professor in 2026. Reference: https://politicalscience.yale.edu/people/sahil-chinoy.
9
+
• Nathan Nunn: The Frederic E. Abbe Professor of Economics at Harvard (2016–2022) and currently a Professor at the Vancouver School of Economics (UBC). Reference: https://economics.ubc.ca/profile/nathan-nunn/.
10
+
• Sandra Sequeira: A Professor of Development Economics at the London School of Economics (LSE) and a recipient of the 2022 Philip Leverhulme Prize. Reference: https://www.lse.ac.uk/school-of-public-policy/news/faculty/sandra-sequeira.
11
+
• Stefanie Stantcheva: The Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economy at Harvard University and founder of the Social Economics Lab. Reference: [Harvard Faculty Profile ](https://stantcheva.scholars.harvard.edu/biocv).
12
+
13
+
The Website Project
20
14
This website was developed as part of the Programming and Data for Policy Makers course at the Harvard Kennedy School
The course introduces students to computational thinking, data analysis, and digital tools for policy analysis and public communication. This project applies those skills to the responsible translation of academic research into an interactive, public-facing format.
23
17
________________________________________
24
18
Acknowledgment of Course Instructors
25
19
The website team gratefully acknowledges the instructors of the Programming and Data for Policy Makers course Professors Dhrumil Mehta (Adjunct Professor of Public Policy) and Aarushi Sahejpal and the Course Assistant, Asa Royal for their guidance and instruction. Responsibility for the content, interpretation, and presentation of this website rests solely with the website team and does not imply endorsement by the course instructors or Harvard Kennedy School.
26
20
________________________________________
27
-
About the Website Team
21
+
The Website Team
28
22
This website was developed independently by the course participant(s) as part of the above program. Any errors, omissions, or interpretations are the responsibility of the website team alone.
29
-
(Names, affiliations, or contact information may be added here.)
23
+
Liyang Chen (Project Lead)
24
+
MPA Student at Harvard Kennedy School. Passionate about understanding political beliefs and building tools for evidence-based policy dialogue.
25
+
Junyu Wang (Developer)
26
+
Graduate student at Harvard Kennedy School. Interested in technology, public policy, and finance development. Leading website development and technical implementation.
0 commit comments