science

Author: clare walicki

ch1.ipynb

@@ -206,27 +206,25 @@
    "source": [
     "## Mpox\n",
     "\n",
-    "#--MNehod of how this is propogated clincially \n",
-    "Mpox is a communicable infectious disease transmitted through close contact with infected individuals or animals. While most cases result in recovery, severe illness and death can occur.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#--Vaccine\n",
-    "How is Mpox is prevented? \n",
-    "Following the eradication of smallpox in 1980, routine smallpox vaccination was discontinued. Because the smallpox vaccine also provided protection against mpox, declining population immunity has been associated with a gradual increase in mpox incidence, particularly in West and Central Africa.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#--New revlanat health topic \n",
-    "Though mpox outbreaks have been localized to sub-saharan Africa, in May 2022, mpox cases spread globally.\n",
-    "There was prompting widespread public health responses including vaccination campaigns and community-level interventions, which contributed to a subsequent decline in reported cases in many regions. In 2023, a new mpox variant, clade 2b, emerged in Central Africa, leading to a resurgence of cases. In August 2024, the World Health Organization declared this outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#--data collection\n",
-    "This dataset includes labratory-confirmed cases. However, XX.  \n",
-    "Limited local diagnostic capacity in affected regions means that many suspected mpox cases are not laboratory-confirmed. Accordingly, this dataset includes only laboratory-confirmed cases and deaths reported by the World Health Organization from May 1, 2022 to December 31, 2025. \n",
-    "successful git clone\n",
-    "|\n",
-    "Can these be comvined? \n",
-    "|\n",
-    "The mpox dataset contains irregularities such as days with zero reported cases followed by sudden increases, as well as missing values for some countries and dates. These patterns likely reflect reporting delays and differences in surveillance capacity rather than true daily changes in incidence. As a result, short-term fluctuations should be interpreted with caution."
+    "Mpox is a communicable infectious disease transmitted through close contact with infected individuals or animals. Transmission can occur through direct contact with skin lesions, bodily fluids, respiratory secretions, or contaminated materials such as clothing or bedding. Although most infections are self-limiting and resolve with supportive care, severe disease and death can occur, particularly among immunocompromised individuals and young children.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vaccination represents a key strategy for preventing mpox infection. Following the global eradication of smallpox in 1980, routine smallpox vaccination programs were discontinued. Because smallpox vaccines also protect against mpox virus, the decline in vaccination coverage has reduced population-level immunity. This reduction in immunity is thought to have contributed to the gradual increase in mpox incidence observed in parts of West and Central Africa.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Mpox has historically been endemic to parts of sub-Saharan Africa; however, in May 2022, cases began spreading globally. The outbreak prompted widespread public health responses, including enhanced surveillance, vaccination campaigns, and community-level prevention strategies, which contributed to a subsequent decline in reported cases in many regions. Despite these interventions, new epidemiological developments have continued to emerge. In 2023, a new mpox variant, clade 2b, was identified in Central Africa and was associated with a resurgence of cases. In response to the continued international spread and public health risk, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in August 2024.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "This analysis uses laboratory-confirmed mpox cases and deaths reported by the World Health Organization between May 1, 2022 and December 31, 2025. Limited diagnostic capacity in many affected regions means that a substantial proportion of suspected mpox infections are not laboratory-confirmed. As a result, the dataset likely underestimates the true burden of disease.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "In addition, the reported data exhibit several irregularities, including days with zero reported cases followed by sudden increases and missing values for some countries and reporting periods. These patterns likely reflect delays in case reporting and differences in national surveillance capacity rather than true day-to-day variation in transmission. Consequently, short-term fluctuations in the dataset should be interpreted with caution."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "787a1970-118f-4471-946d-64dd8904d684",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "id": "056ecd01-f459-4074-8499-19ba0f958990",
@@ -1490,7 +1488,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.14.2"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,