docs: add Phase 1 technical documentation with cross-references

- Create docs/architecture/ for core and memory modules
- Create docs/containers/ for data structures
- Create docs/math/ for vector and matrix types
- Create docs/api/ with complete API reference
- Update docs/README.md with technical documentation section
- Navigation: architecture -> containers -> math -> api with cross-references

This follows SYNCHRONY principle - code changes must be documented.

Author: LyeZinho