diff --git a/cmd/compose/compose.go b/cmd/compose/compose.go
index 7fb0991efd1..83d84fde4d1 100644
--- a/cmd/compose/compose.go
+++ b/cmd/compose/compose.go
@@ -348,9 +348,7 @@ func (o *ProjectOptions) ToProject(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, b
 		Compatibility:     o.Compatibility,
 		ProjectOptionsFns: po,
 		LoadListeners:     []api.LoadListener{metricsListener},
-		OCI: api.OCIOptions{
-			InsecureRegistries: o.insecureRegistries,
-		},
+		OCI:               o.ociOptions(),
 	}
 
 	project, err := backend.LoadProject(ctx, loadOpts)
@@ -369,10 +367,21 @@ func (o *ProjectOptions) remoteLoaders(dockerCli command.Cli) []loader.ResourceL
 		return nil
 	}
 	git := remote.NewGitRemoteLoader(dockerCli, o.Offline)
-	oci := remote.NewOCIRemoteLoader(dockerCli, o.Offline, api.OCIOptions{})
+	oci := remote.NewOCIRemoteLoader(dockerCli, o.Offline, o.ociOptions())
 	return []loader.ResourceLoader{git, oci}
 }
 
+// ociOptions builds the OCI loader configuration from the project options.
+// Both the primary project load and the loaders returned by remoteLoaders
+// must use this so the --insecure-registry flag is honored on every path
+// that pulls an OCI compose artifact (e.g. the interpolation-variable
+// re-load that `up` runs via ToModel). See docker/compose#13824.
+func (o *ProjectOptions) ociOptions() api.OCIOptions {
+	return api.OCIOptions{
+		InsecureRegistries: o.insecureRegistries,
+	}
+}
+
 func (o *ProjectOptions) toProjectOptions(po ...cli.ProjectOptionsFn) (*cli.ProjectOptions, error) {
 	opts := []cli.ProjectOptionsFn{
 		cli.WithWorkingDirectory(o.ProjectDir),
diff --git a/pkg/e2e/fixtures/publish/oci/compose-interpolated.yaml b/pkg/e2e/fixtures/publish/oci/compose-interpolated.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bae8e7a8208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/e2e/fixtures/publish/oci/compose-interpolated.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+services:
+  app:
+    image: alpine
+    environment:
+      GREETING: ${GREETING:-hello}
diff --git a/pkg/e2e/publish_test.go b/pkg/e2e/publish_test.go
index 143df23caa0..7d365c783dd 100644
--- a/pkg/e2e/publish_test.go
+++ b/pkg/e2e/publish_test.go
@@ -205,4 +205,25 @@ networks:
   default:
     name: oci_default
 `)
+
+	// `up` loads the project twice: once through ToProject, then again through
+	// ToModel (checksForRemoteStack -> promptForInterpolatedVariables) to list
+	// the interpolation variables when --yes is not passed. That second load
+	// builds its own OCI loader, which used to drop --insecure-registry and so
+	// talked HTTPS to a plain-HTTP registry. See docker/compose#13824.
+	res = c.RunDockerComposeCmd(t, "-f", "./fixtures/publish/oci/compose-interpolated.yaml",
+		"-p", projectName, "publish", "--with-env", "--yes", "--insecure-registry", registry+"/test:interpolated")
+	res.Assert(t, icmd.Expected{ExitCode: 0})
+
+	// Declining the prompt keeps the test hermetic: nothing is created, but the
+	// re-load has already happened by then, which is what we want to cover.
+	cmd = c.NewDockerComposeCmd(t, "--project-name=oci-reload",
+		"--insecure-registry", registry,
+		"-f", fmt.Sprintf("oci://%s/test:interpolated", registry), "up")
+	cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader("n\n")
+	res = icmd.RunCmd(cmd, func(cmd *icmd.Cmd) {
+		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "XDG_CACHE_HOME="+t.TempDir())
+	})
+	assert.Assert(t, !strings.Contains(res.Combined(), "server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client"), res.Combined())
+	res.Assert(t, icmd.Expected{ExitCode: 1, Err: "operation cancelled by user"})
 }