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add prism (#2472)
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‎config.json‎

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],
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"difficulty": 4
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},
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{
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"slug": "prism",
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"name": "Prism",
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"uuid": "c52d3d36-4852-48ff-b97c-0b030a5b365d",
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"practices": [
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"arrays",
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"floating-point-numbers",
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"while-loops"
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],
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"prerequisites": [
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"arrays",
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"floating-point-numbers"
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],
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"difficulty": 4
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},
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{
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"slug": "twelve-days",
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"name": "Twelve Days",

‎exercises/Exercises.slnx‎

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<Project Path="practice/pov/Pov.csproj" />
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<Project Path="practice/prime-factors/PrimeFactors.csproj" />
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<Project Path="practice/protein-translation/ProteinTranslation.csproj" />
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<Project Path="practice/prism/Prism.csproj" />
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<Project Path="practice/proverb/Proverb.csproj" />
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<Project Path="practice/pythagorean-triplet/PythagoreanTriplet.csproj" />
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<Project Path="practice/queen-attack/QueenAttack.csproj" />

‎exercises/practice/prism/.docs/instructions.md‎

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# Instructions
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Before activating the laser array, you must predict the exact order in which crystals will be hit, identified by their sample IDs.
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## Example Test Case
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Consider this crystal array configuration:
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```json
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{
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"start": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "angle": 0 },
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"prisms": [
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{ "id": 1, "x": 10, "y": 10, "angle": -90 },
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{ "id": 2, "x": 10, "y": 0, "angle": 90 },
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{ "id": 3, "x": 30, "y": 10, "angle": 45 },
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{ "id": 4, "x": 20, "y": 0, "angle": 0 }
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]
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}
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```
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## What's Happening
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The laser starts at the origin `(0, 0)` and fires horizontally to the right at angle 0°.
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Here's the step-by-step beam path:
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**Step 1**: The beam travels along the x-axis (y = 0) and first encounters **Crystal #2** at position `(10, 0)`.
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This crystal has a refraction angle of 90°, which means it bends the beam perpendicular to its current path.
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The beam, originally traveling at 0°, is now redirected to 90° (straight up).
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**Step 2**: The beam now travels vertically upward from position `(10, 0)` and strikes **Crystal #1** at position `(10, 10)`.
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This crystal has a refraction angle of -90°, bending the beam by -90° relative to its current direction.
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The beam was traveling at 90°, so after refraction it's now at 0° (90° + (-90°) = 0°), traveling horizontally to the right again.
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**Step 3**: From position `(10, 10)`, the beam travels horizontally and encounters **Crystal #3** at position `(30, 10)`.
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This crystal refracts the beam by 45°, changing its direction to 45°.
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The beam continues into empty space beyond the array.
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!["A graph showing the path of a laser beam refracted through three prisms."](https://assets.exercism.org/images/exercises/prism/laser_path-light.svg)

‎exercises/practice/prism/.docs/introduction.md‎

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# Introduction
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You're a researcher at **PRISM** (Precariously Redirected Illumination Safety Management), working with a precision laser calibration system that tests experimental crystal prisms.
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These crystals are being developed for next-generation optical computers, and each one has unique refractive properties based on its molecular structure.
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The lab's laser system can damage crystals if they receive unexpected illumination, so precise path prediction is critical.

‎exercises/practice/prism/.editorconfig‎

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###############################
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# Core EditorConfig Options #
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###############################
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; This file is for unifying the coding style for different editors and IDEs.
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; More information at:
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; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/editorconfig-code-style-settings-reference?view=vs-2017
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; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/create-portable-custom-editor-options?view=vs-2017
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root = true
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[*]
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indent_style = space
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[ProteinTranslation.cs]
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indent_size = 4
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###############################
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# .NET Coding Conventions #
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###############################
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# Organize usings
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dotnet_sort_system_directives_first = true
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dotnet_separate_import_directive_groups = true
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# this. preferences
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dotnet_style_qualification_for_field = false:suggestion
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dotnet_style_qualification_for_property = false:suggestion
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dotnet_style_qualification_for_method = false:suggestion
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dotnet_style_qualification_for_event = false:suggestion
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# Language keywords vs BCL types preferences
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dotnet_style_predefined_type_for_locals_parameters_members = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_predefined_type_for_member_access = true:suggestion
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# Parentheses preferences
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dotnet_style_parentheses_in_arithmetic_binary_operators = never_if_unnecessary:none
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dotnet_style_parentheses_in_relational_binary_operators = never_if_unnecessary:none
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dotnet_style_parentheses_in_other_binary_operators = never_if_unnecessary:none
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dotnet_style_parentheses_in_other_operators = never_if_unnecessary:suggestion
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# Modifier preferences
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dotnet_style_require_accessibility_modifiers = always:suggestion
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dotnet_style_readonly_field = true:suggestion
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# Expression-level preferences
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dotnet_style_object_initializer = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_collection_initializer = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_explicit_tuple_names = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_prefer_inferred_tuple_names = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_prefer_inferred_anonymous_type_member_names = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_prefer_auto_properties = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_prefer_is_null_check_over_reference_equality_method = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_prefer_conditional_expression_over_assignment = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_prefer_conditional_expression_over_return = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_coalesce_expression = true:suggestion
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dotnet_style_null_propagation = true:suggestion
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###############################
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# Naming Conventions #
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###############################
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# Style Definitions
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dotnet_naming_style.pascal_case_style.capitalization = pascal_case
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# Use PascalCase for constant fields
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dotnet_naming_rule.constant_fields_should_be_pascal_case.severity = suggestion
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dotnet_naming_rule.constant_fields_should_be_pascal_case.symbols = constant_fields
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dotnet_naming_rule.constant_fields_should_be_pascal_case.style = pascal_case_style
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dotnet_naming_symbols.constant_fields.applicable_kinds = field
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dotnet_naming_symbols.constant_fields.applicable_accessibilities = *
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dotnet_naming_symbols.constant_fields.required_modifiers = const
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###############################
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# C# Code Style Rules #
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###############################
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# var preferences
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csharp_style_var_for_built_in_types = true:none
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csharp_style_var_when_type_is_apparent = true:none
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csharp_style_var_elsewhere = true:none
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# Expression-bodied members
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csharp_style_expression_bodied_methods = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_expression_bodied_constructors = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_expression_bodied_operators = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_expression_bodied_properties = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_expression_bodied_indexers = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_expression_bodied_accessors = true:suggestion
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# Pattern-matching preferences
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csharp_style_pattern_matching_over_is_with_cast_check = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_pattern_matching_over_as_with_null_check = true:suggestion
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# Null-checking preferences
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csharp_style_throw_expression = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_conditional_delegate_call = true:suggestion
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# Modifier preferences
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csharp_preferred_modifier_order = public,private,protected,internal,static,extern,new,virtual,abstract,sealed,override,readonly,unsafe,volatile,async:suggestion
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# Expression-level preferences
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csharp_prefer_braces = true:none
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csharp_prefer_simple_default_expression = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_deconstructed_variable_declaration = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_pattern_local_over_anonymous_function = true:suggestion
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csharp_style_inlined_variable_declaration = true:suggestion
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###############################
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# C# Formatting Rules #
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###############################
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# New line preferences
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csharp_new_line_before_open_brace = all
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csharp_new_line_before_else = true
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csharp_new_line_before_catch = true
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csharp_new_line_before_finally = true
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csharp_new_line_before_members_in_object_initializers = false
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csharp_new_line_before_members_in_anonymous_types = false
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csharp_new_line_between_query_expression_clauses = true
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# Indentation preferences
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csharp_indent_case_contents = true
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csharp_indent_switch_labels = true
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csharp_indent_labels = flush_left
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# Space preferences
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csharp_space_after_cast = false
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csharp_space_after_keywords_in_control_flow_statements = true
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csharp_space_between_method_declaration_parameter_list_parentheses = false
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csharp_space_between_method_call_parameter_list_parentheses = false
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csharp_space_before_colon_in_inheritance_clause = true
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csharp_space_after_colon_in_inheritance_clause = true
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csharp_space_around_binary_operators = before_and_after
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csharp_space_between_method_declaration_empty_parameter_list_parentheses = false
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csharp_space_between_method_call_name_and_opening_parenthesis = false
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csharp_space_between_method_call_empty_parameter_list_parentheses = false
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# Wrapping preferences
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csharp_preserve_single_line_blocks = true
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csharp_preserve_single_line_statements = true

‎exercises/practice/prism/.meta/Example.cs‎

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public static class Prism
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{
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public readonly record struct LaserInfo(double X, double Y, double Angle);
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public readonly record struct PrismInfo(int Id, double X, double Y, double Angle);
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public static int[] FindSequence(LaserInfo laser, PrismInfo[] prisms)
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{
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var x = laser.X;
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var y = laser.Y;
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var angle = laser.Angle;
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List<int> sequence = new();
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while (true)
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{
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var rad = double.DegreesToRadians(angle);
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var dirX = double.Cos(rad);
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var dirY = double.Sin(rad);
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PrismInfo? nearest = null;
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var nearestDist = double.PositiveInfinity;
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foreach (var prism in prisms)
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{
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var dx = prism.X - x;
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var dy = prism.Y - y;
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var dist = dx * dirX + dy * dirY;
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if (dist <= 1e-6)
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continue;
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var crossSq = double.Pow(dx - dist * dirX, 2) + double.Pow(dy - dist * dirY, 2);
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if (crossSq >= 1e-6 * double.Max(1, dist * dist))
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continue;
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if (dist < nearestDist)
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{
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nearestDist = dist;
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nearest = prism;
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}
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}
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if (nearest is not { } hit)
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break;
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sequence.Add(hit.Id);
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x = hit.X;
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y = hit.Y;
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angle = (angle + hit.Angle) % 360;
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}
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return sequence.ToArray();
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}
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}

‎exercises/practice/prism/.meta/Generator.tpl‎

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public class {{ testClass }}
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{
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{{- for test in tests }}
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[Fact{{ if !for.first }}(Skip = "Remove this Skip property to run this test"){{ end }}]
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public void {{ test.testMethod }}()
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{
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Prism.LaserInfo laser = new({{ test.input.start.x }}, {{ test.input.start.y }}, {{ test.input.start.angle }});
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{{- if test.input.prisms.empty? }}
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Prism.PrismInfo[] prisms = [];
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{{- else }}
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Prism.PrismInfo[] prisms =
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[
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{{- for p in test.input.prisms }}
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new({{ p.id }}, {{ p.x }}, {{ p.y }}, {{ p.angle }}){{ if !for.last }},{{ end }}
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{{- end }}
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];
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{{- end }}
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int[] expected = [{{ array.join test.expected.sequence ", " }}];
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Assert.Equal(expected, {{ testedClass }}.{{ test.testedMethod }}(laser, prisms));
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}
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{{ end -}}
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}

‎exercises/practice/prism/.meta/config.json‎

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{
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"authors": [
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"BNAndras"
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],
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"files": {
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"solution": [
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"Prism.cs"
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],
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"test": [
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"PrismTests.cs"
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],
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"example": [
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".meta/Example.cs"
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],
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"invalidator": [
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"Prism.csproj"
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]
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},
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"blurb": "Calculate the path of a laser through refractive prisms.",
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"source": "FraSanga",
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"source_url": "https://github.com/exercism/problem-specifications/pull/2625"
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}

‎exercises/practice/prism/.meta/tests.toml‎

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# This is an auto-generated file.
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#
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# Regenerating this file via `configlet sync` will:
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# - Recreate every `description` key/value pair
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# - Recreate every `reimplements` key/value pair, where they exist in problem-specifications
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# - Remove any `include = true` key/value pair (an omitted `include` key implies inclusion)
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# - Preserve any other key/value pair
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#
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# As user-added comments (using the # character) will be removed when this file
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# is regenerated, comments can be added via a `comment` key.
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[ec65d3b3-f7bf-4015-8156-0609c141c4c4]
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description = "zero prisms"
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[ec0ca17c-0c5f-44fb-89ba-b76395bdaf1c]
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description = "one prism one hit"
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[0db955f2-0a27-4c82-ba67-197bd6202069]
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description = "one prism zero hits"
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[8d92485b-ebc0-4ee9-9b88-cdddb16b52da]
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description = "going up zero hits"
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[78295b3c-7438-492d-8010-9c63f5c223d7]
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description = "going down zero hits"
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[acc723ea-597b-4a50-8d1b-b980fe867d4c]
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description = "going left zero hits"
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[3f19b9df-9eaa-4f18-a2db-76132f466d17]
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description = "negative angle"
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[96dacffb-d821-4cdf-aed8-f152ce063195]
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description = "large angle"
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[513a7caa-957f-4c5d-9820-076842de113c]
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description = "upward refraction two hits"
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[d452b7c7-9761-4ea9-81a9-2de1d73eb9ef]
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description = "downward refraction two hits"
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[be1a2167-bf4c-4834-acc9-e4d68e1a0203]
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description = "same prism twice"
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[df5a60dd-7c7d-4937-ac4f-c832dae79e2e]
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description = "simple path"
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[8d9a3cc8-e846-4a3b-a137-4bfc4aa70bd1]
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description = "multiple prisms floating point precision"
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[e077fc91-4e4a-46b3-a0f5-0ba00321da56]
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description = "complex path with multiple prisms floating point precision"

‎exercises/practice/prism/Prism.cs‎

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public static class Prism
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{
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public readonly record struct LaserInfo(double X, double Y, double Angle);
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public readonly record struct PrismInfo(int Id, double X, double Y, double Angle);
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public static int[] FindSequence(LaserInfo laser, PrismInfo[] prisms)
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{
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throw new NotImplementedException("You need to implement this method.");
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}
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}

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