diff --git a/changes/48594-recovery-lock-byod-personal-enrollment b/changes/48594-recovery-lock-byod-personal-enrollment
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9bf192a57b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changes/48594-recovery-lock-byod-personal-enrollment
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+- Fixed recovery lock password being enforced on personally-owned (BYOD) macOS hosts, where it would always fail because personal enrollments have device lock rights stripped. These hosts are now skipped.
diff --git a/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm.go b/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm.go
index 81e38a334b8..036e25f9b2f 100644
--- a/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm.go
+++ b/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm.go
@@ -6953,6 +6953,9 @@ func (ds *Datastore) GetHostsForRecoveryLockAction(ctx context.Context) ([]strin
 	// - Have enable_recovery_lock_password = true (from team config or appconfig for no-team hosts)
 	// - Are Apple Silicon (ARM CPU)
 	// - Are MDM enrolled (enabled = 1 and device enrollment type)
+	// - Are NOT personally-owned (BYOD) enrollments. Personal enrollments have the
+	//   DeviceLock/DeviceErase access rights stripped (see AppleEnrollmentAccessRights),
+	//   so SetRecoveryLock is rejected by the device. Skip them instead of enforcing.
 	// - Have no recovery lock password record OR have a password with NULL status (command not yet enqueued)
 	// Note: hosts with status pending, verified, or failed are NOT included
 	// Note: hosts with operation_type='remove' are handled by RestoreRecoveryLockForReenabledHosts
@@ -6969,6 +6972,7 @@ func (ds *Datastore) GetHostsForRecoveryLockAction(ctx context.Context) ([]strin
 		  AND ne.enabled = 1
 		  AND ne.type IN ('Device', 'User Enrollment (Device)')
 		  AND hm.enrolled = 1
+		  AND hm.is_personal_enrollment = 0
 		  AND (
 		      -- Team hosts: check team config
 		      (h.team_id IS NOT NULL AND JSON_EXTRACT(t.config, '$.mdm.enable_recovery_lock_password') = true)
@@ -7112,6 +7116,7 @@ func (ds *Datastore) ClaimHostsForRecoveryLockClear(ctx context.Context) ([]stri
 		  AND ne.enabled = 1
 		  AND ne.type IN ('Device', 'User Enrollment (Device)')
 		  AND hm.enrolled = 1
+		  AND hm.is_personal_enrollment = 0
 		  AND (
 		      (rkp.operation_type = '%s' AND rkp.status = '%s')
 		      OR
diff --git a/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm_test.go b/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm_test.go
index f9be3ea79a8..cf8650094a7 100644
--- a/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm_test.go
+++ b/server/datastore/mysql/apple_mdm_test.go
@@ -10910,6 +10910,20 @@ func testGetHostsForRecoveryLockAction(t *testing.T, ds *Datastore) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.False(t, slices.Contains(hosts, hostVerified.UUID), "verified host should NOT be eligible")
 
+	// Create BYOD (personally-owned) enrolled host. Personal enrollments have the
+	// DeviceLock/DeviceErase rights stripped, so SetRecoveryLock would fail on them.
+	teamPersonal := createTeamWithRecoveryLock("team-personal", true)
+	hostPersonal := test.NewHost(t, ds, "personal-host", "1.2.5.11", "perskey", "persuuid", time.Now(),
+		test.WithPlatform("darwin"), test.WithTeamID(teamPersonal.ID))
+	setHostCPUType(hostPersonal.ID, "arm64e")
+	nanoEnroll(t, ds, hostPersonal, false)
+	err = ds.SetOrUpdateMDMData(ctx, hostPersonal.ID, false, true, "https://fleetdm.com", false, fleet.WellKnownMDMFleet, "", true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	hosts, err = ds.GetHostsForRecoveryLockAction(ctx)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.False(t, slices.Contains(hosts, hostPersonal.UUID), "personally-owned (BYOD) host should NOT be eligible")
+
 	// Test no-team host with app config recovery lock enabled
 	setAppConfigRecoveryLock(true)
 	hostNoTeam := test.NewHost(t, ds, "no-team-host", "1.2.5.9", "ntkey", "ntuuid", time.Now(),
@@ -11167,6 +11181,34 @@ func testClaimHostsForRecoveryLockClear(t *testing.T, ds *Datastore) {
 		assert.Equal(t, "pending", status)
 	})
 
+	t.Run("does not claim personally-owned (BYOD) host", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Personal enrollments have DeviceLock/DeviceErase rights stripped, so
+		// recovery lock commands (including clear) are rejected by the device.
+		team := createTeamWithRecoveryLock(t, "personal-clear-team", true)
+		host := test.NewHost(t, ds, "personal-clear-host", "1.2.6.8", "perscleerkey", "perscleeruuid", time.Now(),
+			test.WithPlatform("darwin"), test.WithTeamID(team.ID))
+		setHostCPUType(t, host.ID, "arm64")
+		nanoEnroll(t, ds, host, false)
+		err := ds.SetOrUpdateMDMData(ctx, host.ID, false, true, "https://fleetdm.com", false, fleet.WellKnownMDMFleet, "", true)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Give it a verified password record that would otherwise be claimed for clear.
+		pw := apple_mdm.GenerateRecoveryLockPassword()
+		err = ds.SetHostsRecoveryLockPasswords(ctx, []fleet.HostRecoveryLockPasswordPayload{{HostUUID: host.UUID, Password: pw}})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = ds.SetRecoveryLockVerified(ctx, host.UUID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Disable recovery lock for team to trigger clear.
+		team.Config.MDM.EnableRecoveryLockPassword = false
+		_, err = ds.SaveTeam(ctx, team)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		uuids, err := ds.ClaimHostsForRecoveryLockClear(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.NotContains(t, uuids, host.UUID, "personally-owned (BYOD) host should NOT be claimed for clear")
+	})
+
 	t.Run("clears stale auto_rotate_at when flipping to remove", func(t *testing.T) {
 		team := createTeamWithRecoveryLock(t, "stale-rotation-team", true)
 		host := test.NewHost(t, ds, "stale-rotation-host", "1.2.6.7", "stalerotkey", "stalerotuuid", time.Now(),