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Multitenant App Service Secure Baseline - Bicep Implementation

Prerequisites

Deploy the App Service Landing Zone Bicep code

Before deploying the Bicep IaC artifacts, you need to review and customize the values of the parameters in the main.parameters.jsonc file.

Note
Azure Developer CLI (azd) is also supported as a deployment method. Since azd CLI does not support parameter files with jsonc extension, we provide a simple json parameter file (which does not contain inline comments)

The table below summurizes the avaialble parameters and the possible values that can be set.

Name Description Example
workloadName A suffix that will be used to name the resources in a pattern similar to <resourceAbbreviation>-<workloadName> . Must be up to 10 characters long, alphanumeric with dashes app-svc-01
location Azure region where the resources will be deployed in
environment Required. The name of the environment (e.g. "dev", "test", "prod", "preprod", "staging", "uat", "dr", "qa"). Up to 8 characters long.
vnetHubResourceId If empty, then a new hub will be created. If you select not to deploy a new Hub resource group, set the resource id of the Hub Virtual Network that you want to peer to. In that case, no new hub will be created and a peering will be created between the new spoke and and existing hub vnet /subscriptions/<subscription_id>/ resourceGroups/<rg_name>/providers/ Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/<vnet_name>
firewallInternalIp If you select to create a new Hub, the UDR for locking the egress traffic will be created as well, no matter what value you set to that variable. However, if you select to connect to an existing hub, then you need to provide the internal IP of the azure firewal so that the deployment can create the UDR for locking down egress traffic. If not given, no UDR will be created
vnetHubAddressSpace If you deploy a new hub, you need to set the appropriate CIDR of the newly created Hub virtual network 10.242.0.0/20
subnetHubFirewallAddressSpace CIDR of the subnet that will host the azure Firewall 10.242.0.0/26
subnetHubBastionAddressSpace CIDR of the subnet that will host the Bastion Service 10.242.0.64/26
vnetSpokeAddressSpace CIDR of the spoke vnet that will hold the app services plan and the rest supporting services (and their private endpoints) 10.240.0.0/20
subnetSpokeAppSvcAddressSpace CIDR of the subnet that will hold the app services plan 10.240.0.0/26
subnetSpokeDevOpsAddressSpace CIDR of the subnet that will hold devOps agents etc 10.240.10.128/26
subnetSpokePrivateEndpointAddressSpace CIDR of the subnet that will hold the private endpoints of the supporting services 10.240.11.0/24
webAppPlanSku Defines the name, tier, size, family and capacity of the App Service Plan. Plans ending to _AZ, are deplying at least three instances in three Availability Zones. select one from: 'S1', 'S2', 'S3', 'P1V3', 'P2V3', 'P3V3', 'P1V3_AZ', 'P2V3_AZ', 'P3V3_AZ'
webAppBaseOs The OS for the App service plan. Two options available: Windows or Linux
resourceTags Resource tags that we might need to add to all resources (i.e. Environment, Cost center, application name etc) "resourceTags": {
"value": {
"deployment": "bicep",
"key1": "value1"
}
}
enableEgressLockdown Feature Flag: te (or not) a UDR for the App Service Subnet, to route all egress traffic through Hub Azure Firewall
deployRedis Feature Flag: Deploy (or not) a redis cache
deployAzureSql Feature Flag: Deploy (or not) an Azure SQL with default database
deployAppConfig Feature Flag: Deploy (or not) an Azure app configuration
deployJumpHost Feature Flag: Deploy (or not) an Azure virtual machine (to be used as jumphost)
autoApproveAfdPrivateEndpoint Default value: true. Set to true if you want to auto approve the Private Endpoint of the AFD Premium. See details regarding approving the App Service private endpoint connection from Front Door false
sqlServerAdministrators The Azure Active Directory (AAD) administrator group used for SQL Server authentication. The Azure AD group must be created before running deployment. This has three values that need to be filled, as shown below
login: the name of the AAD Group
sid: the object id of the AAD Group
tenantId: The tenantId of the AAD

After the parameters have been initialized, you can deploy the Landing Zone Accelerator resources with the following az cli command:

Bash shell (i.e. inside WSL2 for windows 11, or any linux-based OS)

location=northeurope # or any location that suits your needs
deploymentName=bicepAppSvcLzaDeployment  # or any other value that suits your needs

az deployment sub create \
    --template-file main.bicep \
    --location $location \
    --name $deploymentName \
    --parameters ./main.parameters.jsonc

Powershell (windows based OS)

$location=northeurope # or any location that suits your needs
$deploymentName=bicepAppSvcLzaDeployment  # or any other value that suits your needs

az deployment sub create `
    --template-file main.bicep `
    --location $location `
    --name $deploymentName `
    --parameters ./main.parameters.jsonc

Azure Devloper CLI (azd)

  1. Install the Azure Developer CLI
  2. Login to azure from your terminal. You can do this by running azd auth login. If no web browser is available or the web browser fails to open, you may force device code flow with azd auth login --use-device-code
  3. Run azd up in the correct folder (/scenarios/secure-baseline-multitenant). This will start the Azure infrastructure provisioning process. The first time you run it, you will be asked to give some information, i.e. environmentName, subscription ID etc

Approve the App Service private endpoint connection from Front Door in the Azure Portal

The approval of the App Service private endpoint connection from Azure Front Door can be automated with the deployment, if you set the param autoApproveAfdPrivateEndpoint to true. If you do so then you need to know:

  • The automatic deployment uses the deploymentScripts Resource. The deployment script service requires two supporting resources for script execution and troubleshooting: a storage account and a container instance. The two automatically-created supporting resources are usually deleted by the script service when the deployment script execution gets in a terminal state. You are billed for the supporting resources until they are deleted.
  • The deployment script resource is only available in the regions where Azure Container Instance is available, see Azure Container Instances Availabiility by Region
  • A User Assigned Managed Identity will be created (with name id-WORKLOADNAME-ENVIRONMENT-REGION-AfdApprovePe) that it will be given Contributor role on the spoke resource group. This identity will be used to approve the Private Endpoint connection

If before deployment you set the param autoApproveAfdPrivateEndpoint to false (because you want to manually approve the Private Endpoint) then you need to complete the next manual step to approve the private endpoint connection.

# Update the resource group name to match the one used in the deployment of the webapp
rg_name="rg-spoke-appsvclza1-dev-northeurope"
webapp_ids=$(az webapp list -g $rg_name --query "[].id" -o tsv)

# you might have more than one web apps, check for all of them if there are pending approvals
for webapp_id in $webapp_ids; do
    # there might be more than one pending connection per web app
    fd_conn_ids=$(az network private-endpoint-connection list --id $webapp_id --query "[?properties.provisioningState == 'Pending'].id" -o tsv)
    
    for fd_conn_id in $fd_conn_ids; do
        az network private-endpoint-connection approve --id "$fd_conn_id" --description "Approved"
    done
done

Verify Deployment and Approval of Azure Front Door Private Endpoint Connection

Go to the portal, find the spoke resource group you have just deployed, and identify the Azure Front Door resource (names starts with afd-). In the Overview page, find the URL named Endpoint hostname, copy it, and try it on a browser. If everything is successful then you should see a sample web app page with title "Your web app is running and waiting for your content". If you get any errors verify that you have approved the private endpoint connection between Azure Front Door and the Web App.

Connect to the Jumpbox VM (deployed in the spoke resource group)

You can connect to the jumpbox win 11 VM only through bastion. The default parameters deploy a Bastion in Standard SKU, with native client support enabled. The jumpbox VM is AADJoined by default. This means that you can connect to the jumpbox, either with the local user/password compination (azureuser is the default username) or with a valid AAD account. In certain circumastances your organization may not allow the device to be enrolled. If the jumpbox VM is AAD joined and properly intune enrolled, you can use native rdp client to connect by running the below Az CLI commands

From a PowerShell terminal, connect to the DevOps VM using your Azure AD credentials (or Windows Hello).

az upgrade

az login
az account list
az account set --subscription "<subscription ID>"

az network bastion rdp --name bast-bastion --resource-group rg-hub --target-resource-id /subscriptions/{subscription-id}/resourceGroups/{rg-name}/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/{vm-name} --disable-gateway

More details on how to connect to a windows VM with native rdp client, can be found here

The Azure AD enrollment can take a few minutes to complete. Check: https://portal.manage-beta.microsoft.com/devices

If your organization requires device enrollment before accessing corporate resources (i.e. if you see an error "You can't get there from here." or "This device does not meet your organization's compliance requirements"),login to the VM with local user (i.e. azureuser) and enroll the Jumpbox to Azure AD by following the steps in Edge:

  • open Edge and click "Sign in to sync data",
  • select "Work or school account",
  • and then press OK on "Allow my organization to manage my device".

It takes a few minutes for the policies to be applied, device scanned and confirmed as secure to access corporate resources. You will know that the process is complete.

If you experience issues connecting to the DevOps VM using your AAD credentials, see Unable to connect to DevOps VM using AAD credentials

Once completed, and if you provided a valid (AAD) administrator group used for SQL Server authentication (and not only local SQL user administrator), you should be able to connect to the SQL Server using the Azure AD account from SQL Server Management Studio. On the sample database (sample-db by default), run the following commands to create the user and grant minimal permissions:

CREATE USER [web-app-name] FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER;
ALTER ROLE db_datareader ADD MEMBER [web-app-name];
ALTER ROLE db_datawriter ADD MEMBER [web-app-name];
ALTER ROLE db_ddladmin ADD MEMBER [web-app-name];
GO

CREATE USER [web-app-name/slots/slot-name] FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER;
ALTER ROLE db_datareader ADD MEMBER [web-app-name/slots/slot-name];
ALTER ROLE db_datawriter ADD MEMBER [web-app-name/slots/slot-name];
ALTER ROLE db_ddladmin ADD MEMBER [web-app-name/slots/slot-name];
GO

🧹 Clean up resources

If you used Azure Developer CLI to provision the LZA you can clean up everything by executing azd down. Otherwise use the following commands to remove the resources you created.

az group delete -n <your-spoke-resource-group>
az group delete -n <your-hub-resource-group>