Replace mypy with ty #1236

Job	Run time
Collect changes / collect-changes	9s
Python tests / lint-and-format-check	18s
Python tests / types-check	30s
Python tests / unit-tests (py314)	2m 16s
Python tests / unit-tests (py312)	2m 19s
Python tests / unit-tests (py311)	3m 1s
Python tests / unit-tests (py310)	3m 9s
Python tests / unit-tests (py313)	2m 25s
status-check	3s
	14m 10s

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