doc: fix perf_hooks documentation gaps and inaccuracies

- Fix introductory ESM example that references undefined
  `doSomeLongRunningProcess` and prematurely clears marks

- Add missing PerformanceResourceTiming properties: initiatorType
  (added v18.6.0/v16.17.0 per PR nodejs#43593), nextHopProtocol,
  responseStart (added v18.2.0/v16.17.0 per PR nodejs#42725),
  deliveryType, responseStatus (added v22.2.0 per PR nodejs#51589)

- Correct PerformanceMark version metadata from v18.2.0/v16.17.0
  to v16.0.0 (introduced in PR nodejs#37136)

- Correct PerformanceMeasure version metadata from v18.2.0/v16.17.0
  to v16.7.0 (exported from module in PR nodejs#39297)

- Fix histogram.exceeds description: it counts values exceeding the
  histogram's configured `highest` value, not a "1 hour" threshold
  (verified in src/histogram-inl.h: exceeds_ increments when
  hdr_record_value returns false)

- Generalize Histogram property descriptions (min, max, mean, stddev)
  to not reference "event loop delay" since Histogram is a generic class

Fixes: nodejs#40558
Fixes: nodejs#40096
Fixes: nodejs#40723
Fixes: nodejs#55792
Fixes: nodejs#55793

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: kovan

doc/api/perf_hooks.md

@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ Additional detail specified when creating with `Performance.mark()` method.
 ## Class: `PerformanceMeasure`
 
 <!-- YAML
-added: v16.0.0
+added: v16.7.0
 -->
 
 * Extends: {PerformanceEntry}
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ The constructor of this class is not exposed to users directly.
 
 <!-- YAML
 added:
-  - v18.2.0
+  - v18.6.0
   - v16.17.0
 changes:
   - version: v19.0.0