Use Python 3 raises .. from ..

Author: oschwald

minfraud/webservice.py

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def _prepare_report(self, request: Dict[str, Any], validate: bool):
             try:
                 validate_report(cleaned_request)
             except MultipleInvalid as ex:
-                raise InvalidRequestError("Invalid report data: {0}".format(ex))
+                raise InvalidRequestError("Invalid report data: {0}".format(ex)) from ex
         return cleaned_request
 
     def _prepare_transaction(self, request: Dict[str, Any], validate: bool):
@@ -80,7 +80,9 @@ def _prepare_transaction(self, request: Dict[str, Any], validate: bool):
             try:
                 validate_transaction(cleaned_request)
             except MultipleInvalid as ex:
-                raise InvalidRequestError("Invalid transaction data: {0}".format(ex))
+                raise InvalidRequestError(
+                    "Invalid transaction data: {0}".format(ex)
+                ) from ex
         return cleaned_request
 
     def _copy_and_clean(self, data: Any) -> Any:
@@ -102,14 +104,14 @@ def _handle_success(
         """Handle successful response."""
         try:
             decoded_body = json.loads(body)
-        except ValueError:
+        except ValueError as ex:
             raise MinFraudError(
                 "Received a 200 response"
                 " but could not decode the response as "
                 "JSON: {0}".format(body),
                 200,
                 uri,
-            )
+            ) from ex
         if "ip_address" in body:
             decoded_body["ip_address"]["_locales"] = self._locales
         return model_class(decoded_body)  # type: ignore