SSTORE2.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

/// @notice Read and write to persistent storage at a fraction of the cost.
/// @author Solmate (https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/utils/SSTORE2.sol)
/// @author Modified from 0xSequence (https://github.com/0xSequence/sstore2/blob/master/contracts/SSTORE2.sol)
library SSTORE2 {
    uint256 internal constant DATA_OFFSET = 1; // We skip the first byte as it's a STOP opcode to ensure the contract can't be called.

    /*//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                               WRITE LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function write(bytes memory data) internal returns (address pointer) {
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
        // Opcode  | Opcode + Arguments  | Description  | Stack View                                                     //
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
        // 0x60    |  0x600B             | PUSH1 11     | codeOffset                                                     //
        // 0x59    |  0x59               | MSIZE        | 0 codeOffset                                                   //
        // 0x81    |  0x81               | DUP2         | codeOffset 0 codeOffset                                        //
        // 0x38    |  0x38               | CODESIZE     | codeSize codeOffset 0 codeOffset                               //
        // 0x03    |  0x03               | SUB          | (codeSize - codeOffset) 0 codeOffset                           //
        // 0x80    |  0x80               | DUP          | (codeSize - codeOffset) (codeSize - codeOffset) 0 codeOffset   //
        // 0x92    |  0x92               | SWAP3        | codeOffset (codeSize - codeOffset) 0 (codeSize - codeOffset)   //
        // 0x59    |  0x59               | MSIZE        | 0 codeOffset (codeSize - codeOffset) 0 (codeSize - codeOffset) //
        // 0x39    |  0x39               | CODECOPY     | 0 (codeSize - codeOffset)                                      //
        // 0xf3    |  0xf3               | RETURN       |                                                                //
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//

        unchecked {
            // allocate
            bytes memory creationCode = new bytes(12 + data.length); // 11+1+data.length
            assembly {
                mstore(creationCode, 0) // set length to 0
            }
            // hex"60_0B_59_81_38_03_80_92_59_39_F3", // Returns all code in the contract except for the first 11 (0B in hex) bytes.
            // Prefix the bytecode with a STOP (00) opcode to ensure it cannot be called.
            _append(creationCode, hex"60_0B_59_81_38_03_80_92_59_39_F3_00");
            // runtimeCode = hex"00"||data is the bytecode we want the contract to have after deployment. Capped at 1 byte less than the code size limit.
            _append(creationCode, data);

            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                // Deploy a new contract with the generated creation code.
                // We start 32 bytes into the code to avoid copying the byte length.
                pointer := create(0, add(creationCode, 32), mload(creationCode))
            }

            require(pointer != address(0), "DEPLOYMENT_FAILED");
        }
    }

    /*//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                               READ LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function read(address pointer) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return readBytecode(pointer, DATA_OFFSET, pointer.code.length - DATA_OFFSET);
    }

    function read(address pointer, uint256 start) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        start += DATA_OFFSET;

        return readBytecode(pointer, start, pointer.code.length - start);
    }

    function read(
        address pointer,
        uint256 start,
        uint256 end
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        start += DATA_OFFSET;
        end += DATA_OFFSET;

        require(pointer.code.length >= end, "OUT_OF_BOUNDS");

        return readBytecode(pointer, start, end - start);
    }

    /*//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                          INTERNAL HELPER LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function readBytecode(
        address pointer,
        uint256 start,
        uint256 size
    ) private view returns (bytes memory data) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Get a pointer to some free memory.
            data := mload(0x40)

            // Update the free memory pointer to prevent overriding our data.
            // We use and(x, not(31)) as a cheaper equivalent to sub(x, mod(x, 32)).
            // Adding 31 to size and running the result through the logic above ensures
            // the memory pointer remains word-aligned, following the Solidity convention.
            mstore(0x40, add(data, and(add(add(size, 32), 31), not(31))))

            // Store the size of the data in the first 32 byte chunk of free memory.
            mstore(data, size)

            // Copy the code into memory right after the 32 bytes we used to store the size.
            extcodecopy(pointer, add(data, 32), start, size)
        }
    }

    // cheaper than bytes concat :)
    function _append(bytes memory dst, bytes memory src) private view {
        assembly {
            // resize

            let priorLength := mload(dst)

            mstore(dst, add(priorLength, mload(src)))

            // copy

            pop(
                staticcall(
                    gas(),
                    4,
                    add(src, 32), // src data start
                    mload(src), // src length
                    add(dst, add(32, priorLength)), // dst write ptr
                    mload(dst)
                )
            )
        }
    }
}