ConductorOne · c1-squire-dev · Jun 23, 2026
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yaml b/.github/workflows/release.yaml
@@ -52,6 +52,26 @@ on:
         type: string
         default: ""
         description: "Path to a custom WXS file in the caller repo for MSI generation (relative to repo root). If not provided, uses default template."
+      windows_authenticode_signing:
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+        description: "Whether to Authenticode-sign Windows .exe and .msi artifacts with Azure Trusted Signing. When true, the AZURE_CLIENT_ID/AZURE_TENANT_ID/AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID secrets and the trusted_signing_* inputs are required."
+      trusted_signing_endpoint:
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+        description: "Azure Trusted Signing region endpoint (e.g. https://wus2.codesigning.azure.net/). Required when windows_authenticode_signing is true."
+      trusted_signing_account_name:
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+        description: "Azure Trusted Signing account name. Required when windows_authenticode_signing is true."
+      trusted_signing_certificate_profile:
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+        description: "Azure Trusted Signing certificate profile name. Required when windows_authenticode_signing is true."
     secrets:
       RELENG_GITHUB_TOKEN:
         required: true
@@ -68,6 +88,15 @@ on:
       GORELEASER_PRO_KEY:
         required: false
         description: "GoReleaser Pro license key for MSI builds. Required when msi is true."
+      AZURE_CLIENT_ID:
+        required: false
+        description: "Client ID of the Azure AD app used for Trusted Signing OIDC login. Required when windows_authenticode_signing is true."
+      AZURE_TENANT_ID:
+        required: false
+        description: "Azure AD tenant ID for Trusted Signing OIDC login. Required when windows_authenticode_signing is true."
+      AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID:
+        required: false
+        description: "Azure subscription ID hosting the Trusted Signing account. Required when windows_authenticode_signing is true."
 
 env:
   CDN_BASE_URL: "https://dist.conductorone.com"
@@ -164,6 +193,53 @@ jobs:
             exit 1
           fi
 
+      - name: Validate Authenticode signing configuration
+        if: inputs.windows_authenticode_signing == true
+        env:
+          HAS_CLIENT_ID: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID != '' }}
+          HAS_TENANT_ID: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID != '' }}
+          HAS_SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID != '' }}
+          TS_ENDPOINT: ${{ inputs.trusted_signing_endpoint }}
+          TS_ACCOUNT: ${{ inputs.trusted_signing_account_name }}
+          TS_PROFILE: ${{ inputs.trusted_signing_certificate_profile }}
+          MSI_ENABLED: ${{ inputs.msi }}
+        run: |
+          if [ "$MSI_ENABLED" != "true" ]; then
+            echo "::error::windows_authenticode_signing requires msi to be true (the Windows build job is gated on msi)"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          missing=0
+          require_secret() {
+            if [ "$2" != "true" ]; then
+              echo "::error::$1 secret is required when windows_authenticode_signing is true"
+              missing=1
+            fi
+          }
+          require_input() {
+            if [ -z "$2" ]; then
+              echo "::error::$1 input is required when windows_authenticode_signing is true"
+              missing=1
+            fi
+          }
+
+          require_secret "AZURE_CLIENT_ID" "$HAS_CLIENT_ID"
+          require_secret "AZURE_TENANT_ID" "$HAS_TENANT_ID"
+          require_secret "AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID" "$HAS_SUBSCRIPTION_ID"
+          require_input "trusted_signing_endpoint" "$TS_ENDPOINT"
+          require_input "trusted_signing_account_name" "$TS_ACCOUNT"
+          require_input "trusted_signing_certificate_profile" "$TS_PROFILE"
+
+          if [ -n "$TS_ENDPOINT" ] && [[ ! "$TS_ENDPOINT" =~ ^https://[A-Za-z0-9.-]+/?$ ]]; then
+            echo "::error::trusted_signing_endpoint must be an https URL (e.g. https://wus2.codesigning.azure.net/). Got: $TS_ENDPOINT"
+            missing=1
+          fi
+
+          if [ "$missing" -ne 0 ]; then
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "✅ Authenticode signing configuration valid"
+
   determine-workflows-ref:
     needs: validate-inputs
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -589,15 +665,54 @@ jobs:
           WXS_PATH: ${{ steps.wxs.outputs.wxs_path }}
           WORKFLOWS_REF: ${{ needs.determine-workflows-ref.outputs.ref }}
           RELEASE_TAG: ${{ inputs.tag }}
+          AUTHENTICODE: ${{ inputs.windows_authenticode_signing }}
         run: |
           export BUILD_STARTED_ON=$(date -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
 
+          # Authenticode signing is opt-in. When enabled, inject two blocks into
+          # the GoReleaser config (same envsubst block pattern used for Docker
+          # extra_files), so the template stays valid YAML when signing is off:
+          #   - WINDOWS_BUILD_SIGN_HOOK: a build post-hook that signs the raw
+          #     .exe BEFORE it is packaged into the zip and the MSI.
+          #   - WINDOWS_AUTHENTICODE_MSI_SIGN: a `signs` entry that signs the
+          #     .msi in place, ordered ahead of the cosign signature so the
+          #     Sigstore bundle covers the Authenticode-signed bytes.
+          export WINDOWS_BUILD_SIGN_HOOK=""
+          export WINDOWS_AUTHENTICODE_MSI_SIGN=""
+          if [ "${AUTHENTICODE}" = "true" ]; then
+            echo "Authenticode signing enabled: injecting signing config"
+            SIGN_SCRIPT="../_workflows/scripts/sign-windows-authenticode.ps1"
+
+            WINDOWS_BUILD_SIGN_HOOK=$(printf '\n    hooks:\n      post:\n        - cmd: pwsh -NoProfile -File %s -Path "{{ .Path }}"\n          output: true' "$SIGN_SCRIPT")
+
+            WINDOWS_AUTHENTICODE_MSI_SIGN=$(printf '\n  - id: authenticode-msi\n    cmd: pwsh\n    artifacts: installer\n    ids:\n      - windows-msi\n    signature: "{{ .Env.artifact }}.authenticode.json"\n    output: true\n    args:\n      - "-NoProfile"\n      - "-File"\n      - "%s"\n      - "-Path"\n      - "{{ .Env.artifact }}"\n      - "-EmitMarker"' "$SIGN_SCRIPT")
+          fi
+
           # Generate GoReleaser config
           envsubst < templates/.goreleaser-windows-template.yaml.tmpl | tee "_generated/.goreleaser.windows.yaml"
 
           # Generate provenance predicate
           envsubst < templates/.slsa-provenance-predicate-template.json.tmpl | tee "_generated/predicate.json"
 
+      - name: Azure login for Trusted Signing (OIDC)
+        if: inputs.windows_authenticode_signing == true
+        uses: azure/login@v2
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+
+      - name: Install Microsoft sign tool
+        if: inputs.windows_authenticode_signing == true
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          # The `sign` tool currently ships pre-release only. Pin a specific
+          # version here once validated against the provisioned Trusted Signing
+          # account for reproducible, supply-chain-stable signing.
+          dotnet tool install --global sign --prerelease
+          # Surface the global tools directory for subsequent steps / hooks.
+          "$env:USERPROFILE\.dotnet\tools" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Append -Encoding utf8
+
       - name: Run GoReleaser for Windows
         uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
         with:
@@ -608,6 +723,11 @@ jobs:
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELENG_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_PRO_KEY }}
+          # Consumed by scripts/sign-windows-authenticode.ps1 (invoked from the
+          # build post-hook and the MSI signs entry). Empty when signing is off.
+          TRUSTED_SIGNING_ENDPOINT: ${{ inputs.trusted_signing_endpoint }}
+          TRUSTED_SIGNING_ACCOUNT_NAME: ${{ inputs.trusted_signing_account_name }}
+          TRUSTED_SIGNING_CERTIFICATE_PROFILE: ${{ inputs.trusted_signing_certificate_profile }}
 
       - name: Flatten MSI directory structure
         shell: pwsh

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -82,6 +82,10 @@ The release workflow accepts the following input parameters:
 | `docker_extra_files` | No | `""` | Comma-separated list of extra files/dirs to include in Docker build context |
 | `msi` | No | `true` | Whether to build MSI Windows installers |
 | `msi_wxs_path` | No | `""` | Path to custom WXS template for MSI installer (uses default if not set) |
+| `windows_authenticode_signing` | No | `false` | Authenticode-sign Windows `.exe` and `.msi` via Azure Trusted Signing (requires the `trusted_signing_*` inputs and `AZURE_*` secrets) |
+| `trusted_signing_endpoint` | No | `""` | Azure Trusted Signing region endpoint (e.g. `https://wus2.codesigning.azure.net/`); required when `windows_authenticode_signing: true` |
+| `trusted_signing_account_name` | No | `""` | Azure Trusted Signing account name; required when `windows_authenticode_signing: true` |
+| `trusted_signing_certificate_profile` | No | `""` | Azure Trusted Signing certificate profile name; required when `windows_authenticode_signing: true` |
 
 2. Ensure your repository has the following secrets configured:
 
@@ -92,6 +96,7 @@ The release workflow accepts the following input parameters:
    - `AC_PROVIDER`: Apple Connect provider
    - `DATADOG_API_KEY`: Datadog API key for monitoring releases
    - `GORELEASER_PRO_KEY`: GoReleaser Pro license key (required when `msi: true`, the default)
+   - `AZURE_CLIENT_ID` / `AZURE_TENANT_ID` / `AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID`: Azure OIDC identity for Trusted Signing (required only when `windows_authenticode_signing: true`)
 
 3. Remove all GoReleaser, gon files, Dockerfile, and Dockerfile.lambda files from your connector repository, if they were previously created there.
 
@@ -175,6 +180,37 @@ To disable MSI builds entirely (e.g., for connectors that don't need Windows ins
 
 When `msi: false`, the `GORELEASER_PRO_KEY` secret is not required.
 
+### Windows Authenticode Signing
+
+Sigstore (cosign) signatures prove provenance but do not satisfy Windows
+SmartScreen. To eliminate SmartScreen warnings on the `.exe` and `.msi`, enable
+Authenticode signing via [Azure Trusted Signing](https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/trusted-signing/):
+
+```yaml
+jobs:
+  release:
+    uses: ConductorOne/github-workflows/.github/workflows/release.yaml@v4
+    with:
+      tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+      windows_authenticode_signing: true
+      trusted_signing_endpoint: https://wus2.codesigning.azure.net/
+      trusted_signing_account_name: conductorone-signing
+      trusted_signing_certificate_profile: conductorone
+    secrets:
+      # ... existing secrets ...
+      AZURE_CLIENT_ID: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
+      AZURE_TENANT_ID: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+      AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+```
+
+This is **opt-in** (default `false`) so connectors keep releasing unchanged
+until the Azure Trusted Signing account is provisioned. Authentication uses
+GitHub Actions OIDC — no signing certificate is stored in repository secrets.
+The `.exe` is signed before it is packaged, so both the standalone binary (in
+the `.zip`) and the copy inside the `.msi` carry the signature. See the
+[release workflow docs](docs/release-workflow.md#windows-authenticode-signing-azure-trusted-signing)
+for Azure setup and verification details.
+
 ## Verify Workflow
 
 Runs linting, tests, and optional regression verification. See [detailed documentation](docs/verify-workflow.md) for jobs, regression testing, and all options.

diff --git a/cmd/generate-windows-manifest/main.go b/cmd/generate-windows-manifest/main.go
@@ -93,7 +93,10 @@ func main() {
 		}
 
 		// MSI uses key "windows-amd64-msi"
-		// MSI has cosign signatures and attestations; Azure Trusted Signing (Windows code signing) planned for Stage 2
+		// MSI always has cosign signatures and attestations; Windows Authenticode
+		// signing (Azure Trusted Signing) is applied in-place earlier in the
+		// pipeline when windows_authenticode_signing is enabled, so the hash here
+		// covers the Authenticode-signed bytes.
 		assets["windows-amd64-msi"] = asset
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "✅ Added MSI asset: windows-amd64-msi -> %s\n", filename)
 	}

diff --git a/docs/release-workflow.md b/docs/release-workflow.md
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ Builds Windows zip and MSI installer:
 - MSI built using WiX Toolset with GoReleaser Pro
 - Deterministic UpgradeCode via UUID v5 from repository name
 - Supports custom WXS templates via `msi_wxs_path` input
+- Optionally Authenticode-signs the `.exe` and `.msi` with Azure Trusted Signing
+  (opt-in via `windows_authenticode_signing`; see Security Properties)
 - Generates SBOMs and SLSA v1 provenance attestations
 - Uploads all artifacts to S3 with no-overwrite writes
 
@@ -167,7 +169,55 @@ Both Windows zip and MSI have:
 - SLSA provenance attestations
 - SBOM attestations
 
-**Note:** Windows code signing via Azure Trusted Signing is planned for Stage 2.
+### Windows Authenticode Signing (Azure Trusted Signing)
+
+Sigstore signatures prove supply-chain provenance but are not recognized by
+Windows SmartScreen. To remove SmartScreen warnings, the workflow can also
+Authenticode-sign Windows artifacts with **Azure Trusted Signing**. This is
+**opt-in** via the `windows_authenticode_signing` input (default `false`), so
+releases continue to work unchanged until the Azure account is provisioned.
+
+When enabled, the `goreleaser-windows` job:
+
+1. Logs in to Azure via GitHub Actions OIDC (`azure/login`) — no long-lived
+   certificate material is stored in secrets.
+2. Installs the Microsoft [`sign`](https://github.com/dotnet/sign) CLI.
+3. Signs the raw `.exe` in a GoReleaser **build post-hook**, before it is
+   packaged — so the binary inside both the `.zip` and the `.msi` is signed.
+4. Signs the `.msi` in place via a GoReleaser `signs` entry that is ordered
+   **ahead of** the cosign signature, so the Sigstore `.sig`/`.cert` and all
+   downstream hashes/attestations cover the Authenticode-signed bytes.
+
+All signing is delegated to `scripts/sign-windows-authenticode.ps1`, which calls
+`sign code trusted-signing` and then verifies the result with
+`Get-AuthenticodeSignature`.
+
+Because Azure Trusted Signing issues short-lived certificates chained to a
+Microsoft-managed root, SmartScreen reputation is immediate — unlike standard OV
+certificates, which must accrue reputation through download volume.
+
+**Required configuration when `windows_authenticode_signing: true`:**
+
+| Kind | Name | Description |
+|-|-|-|
+| input | `trusted_signing_endpoint` | Region endpoint, e.g. `https://wus2.codesigning.azure.net/` |
+| input | `trusted_signing_account_name` | Trusted Signing account name |
+| input | `trusted_signing_certificate_profile` | Certificate profile name |
+| secret | `AZURE_CLIENT_ID` | App registration (federated credential) client ID |
+| secret | `AZURE_TENANT_ID` | Azure AD tenant ID |
+| secret | `AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID` | Subscription hosting the Trusted Signing account |
+
+The federated credential on the Azure AD app must trust the connector
+repository's GitHub OIDC subject, and the identity must hold the **Trusted
+Signing Certificate Profile Signer** role on the account.
+
+**Verification** (on a Windows machine):
+
+```powershell
+Get-AuthenticodeSignature .\baton-foo_v1.0.0_windows_amd64.msi | Format-List
+# Status should be 'Valid'; SignerCertificate should chain to the Microsoft root.
+signtool verify /pa /v .\baton-foo_v1.0.0_windows_amd64.msi
+```
 
 ### Verification
 
@@ -335,19 +385,23 @@ Test the MSI installer on an actual Windows machine:
 
 ## Future Work
 
-### Stage 2: Windows Code Signing
-
-Currently MSI installers have Sigstore signatures (cosign) but not Windows Authenticode signatures. Stage 2 will add:
-
-- **Azure Trusted Signing** integration for Authenticode signatures
-- MSI files will be signed with Microsoft-trusted certificate
-- Windows SmartScreen warnings will be eliminated
-- Users can verify publisher identity in Windows UAC prompts
-
-This requires:
-- Azure Trusted Signing account setup
-- GitHub Actions OIDC integration with Azure
-- Workflow updates to sign MSI after build
+### Windows Code Signing (implemented, opt-in)
+
+Windows Authenticode signing via **Azure Trusted Signing** is implemented and
+gated behind the `windows_authenticode_signing` input (see
+[Windows Authenticode Signing](#windows-authenticode-signing-azure-trusted-signing)).
+It remains off by default pending Azure Trusted Signing account provisioning
+(tracked in CE-178). To roll it out:
+
+1. Provision an Azure Trusted Signing account and certificate profile.
+2. Create an Azure AD app with a federated credential trusting the connector
+   repos' GitHub OIDC subjects, and grant it the **Trusted Signing Certificate
+   Profile Signer** role.
+3. Add the `AZURE_CLIENT_ID` / `AZURE_TENANT_ID` / `AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID`
+   secrets and set `windows_authenticode_signing: true` plus the
+   `trusted_signing_*` inputs in each connector's release workflow.
+4. Validate on a test connector per [Testing Changes](#testing-changes) and
+   confirm `Get-AuthenticodeSignature` reports `Valid`.
 
 ### Other Potential Improvements