Skip to content
Open
Show file tree
Hide file tree
Changes from 6 commits
Commits
File filter

Filter by extension

Filter by extension

Conversations
Failed to load comments.
Loading
Jump to
Jump to file
Failed to load files.
Loading
Diff view
Diff view
40 changes: 20 additions & 20 deletions agile/bibliography.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -10,7 +10,16 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or

---

## Primary Sources and Foundational Documents
## Source quality note

- **Primary sources:** Original manifestos, standards, books, conference material, and vendor/organization first-party publications.
- **Secondary sources:** Academic synthesis papers, analyst reports, and historical overviews.
- **Tertiary sources:** Encyclopedias and commentary sites, useful for discovery but lower confidence for factual claims.
- **Usage guidance:** Prefer primary and secondary sources for substantive claims in narrative reports; treat tertiary links as orientation material.
Comment on lines +13 to +18
Copy link

Copilot AI Mar 3, 2026

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

The PR description says the source-quality audit work begins in three docs (agile bibliography, Show HN guide, and the LLM agent monitoring tools report), but this PR also updates many additional documents across other folders (terminal, fonts, data-formats, etc.). Consider updating the PR description (or splitting the PR) so the stated scope matches the actual change set for reviewers.

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

Comment on lines +13 to +19
Copy link

Copilot AI Mar 3, 2026

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

PR description says the audit work is limited to three docs (agile bibliography, Show HN guide, and LLM agent monitoring tools), but this PR also changes multiple additional reports (e.g., terminal/, fonts/, data-formats/json-alternatives.md, containers-and-vms/macos-native-containers.md, go/go-cloud-native-language.md, ethics/moral-philosophy-generative-ai.md, self/*). Please update the PR title/description to reflect the broader scope, or split into separate PRs to keep review and future history clearer.

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.
---

## Primary Sources and Core Documents

**The Agile Manifesto and History**
- Agile Alliance. "History: The Agile Manifesto." [https://agilemanifesto.org/history.html](https://agilemanifesto.org/history.html)
Expand All @@ -31,7 +40,7 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or
**Scrum**
- Schwaber, Ken, and Mike Beedle. *Agile Software Development with Scrum*. Prentice Hall, 2001. [https://www.amazon.com/Agile-Software-Development-Scrum/dp/0130676349](https://www.amazon.com/Agile-Software-Development-Scrum/dp/0130676349)
- Schwaber, Ken. *Agile Project Management with Scrum*. Microsoft Press, 2004. [https://www.amazon.com/Agile-Project-Management-Scrum-Developer/dp/073561993X](https://www.amazon.com/Agile-Project-Management-Scrum-Developer/dp/073561993X)
- Sutherland, Jeff. *Scrum: The Art of Doing Twice the Work in Half the Time*. Crown Business, 2014. [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/19288230-scrum](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/19288230-scrum)
- Sutherland, Jeff. *Scrum: The Art of Doing Twice the Work in Half the Time*. Crown Business, 2014. [https://www.amazon.com/Scrum-Doing-Twice-Work-Half/dp/038534645X](https://www.amazon.com/Scrum-Doing-Twice-Work-Half/dp/038534645X)

**Lean Software Development**
- Poppendieck, Mary, and Tom Poppendieck. *Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit*. Addison-Wesley, 2003. [https://www.amazon.com/Lean-Software-Development-Agile-Toolkit/dp/0321150783](https://www.amazon.com/Lean-Software-Development-Agile-Toolkit/dp/0321150783)
Expand All @@ -42,7 +51,6 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or

**Continuous Delivery and DevOps**
- Humble, Jez, and David Farley. *Continuous Delivery: Reliable Software Releases through Build, Test, and Deployment Automation*. Addison-Wesley, 2010. [https://www.amazon.com/Continuous-Delivery-Deployment-Automation-Addison-Wesley/dp/0321601912](https://www.amazon.com/Continuous-Delivery-Deployment-Automation-Addison-Wesley/dp/0321601912)
- Humble, Jez, and David Farley. *Continuous Delivery* (Goodreads page). [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8686650-continuous-delivery](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8686650-continuous-delivery)

**User Stories and Estimation**
- Cohn, Mike. *User Stories Applied: For Agile Software Development*. Addison-Wesley, 2004. [https://www.amazon.com/User-Stories-Applied-Software-Development/dp/0321205685](https://www.amazon.com/User-Stories-Applied-Software-Development/dp/0321205685)
Expand All @@ -52,16 +60,14 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or
## Academic Papers and Historical Research

**Iterative Development History**
- Larman, Craig, and Victor Basili. "Iterative and Incremental Development: A Brief History." *IEEE Computer*, June 2003. [https://www.craiglarman.com/wiki/downloads/misc/history-of-iterative-larman-and-basili-ieee-computer.pdf](https://www.craiglarman.com/wiki/downloads/misc/history-of-iterative-larman-and-basili-ieee-computer.pdf)
- Web3us. "Iterative and Incremental Development: A Brief History." [https://www.web3us.com/how-guides/iterative-and-incremental-development](https://www.web3us.com/how-guides/iterative-and-incremental-development)
- WebSeitz Wiki. "(2003-06-30) Iterative and Incremental Development: A Brief History." [http://webseitz.fluxent.com/wiki/2003-06-30-IterativeAndIncrementalDevelopmentABriefHistory](http://webseitz.fluxent.com/wiki/2003-06-30-IterativeAndIncrementalDevelopmentABriefHistory)
- Larman, Craig, and Victor Basili. "Iterative and Incremental Development: A Brief History." *IEEE Computer*, June 2003. [https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1204375](https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1204375)
Copy link

Copilot AI Mar 3, 2026

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Switching the Larman/Basili reference to a DOI improves permanence, but it also removes the previously available direct PDF link (which may be easier for readers without IEEE access). Consider including both the DOI and an accessible full-text link (if legitimate) to preserve usability while keeping the canonical DOI.

Suggested change
- Larman, Craig, and Victor Basili. "Iterative and Incremental Development: A Brief History." *IEEE Computer*, June 2003. [https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1204375](https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1204375)
- Larman, Craig, and Victor Basili. "Iterative and Incremental Development: A Brief History." *IEEE Computer*, June 2003. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1204375](https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1204375) · Author-hosted PDF: [https://www.craiglarman.com/wiki/downloads/misc/history-of-iterative-larman-basili-ieee-computer.pdf](https://www.craiglarman.com/wiki/downloads/misc/history-of-iterative-larman-basili-ieee-computer.pdf)

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

**Toyota Production System**
- Lean Enterprise Institute. "Toyota Production System (TPS)." [https://www.lean.org/lexicon-terms/toyota-production-system/](https://www.lean.org/lexicon-terms/toyota-production-system/)

---

## Encyclopedia and Reference Articles
## Encyclopedia and Tertiary Reference Articles

**Wikipedia**
- "Agile Software Development." Wikipedia. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development)
Expand All @@ -77,8 +83,6 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or

**Other Encyclopedic Sources**
- HandWiki. "Biography: Ward Cunningham." [https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biography:Ward_Cunningham](https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biography:Ward_Cunningham)
- Grokipedia. "Ward Cunningham." [https://grokipedia.com/page/Ward_Cunningham](https://grokipedia.com/page/Ward_Cunningham)
- Grokipedia. "Pivotal Labs." [https://grokipedia.com/page/Pivotal_Labs](https://grokipedia.com/page/Pivotal_Labs)

---

Expand All @@ -97,8 +101,6 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or
- Kaizenko. "A Historical Look at The Scrum Guide From 1986 to 2020." [https://www.kaizenko.com/the-scrum-guide-history/](https://www.kaizenko.com/the-scrum-guide-history/)
- Kaizenko. "A Behind the Scenes Look at the Writing of the Agile Manifesto." [https://www.kaizenko.com/a-behind-the-scenes-look-at-the-writing-of-the-agile-manifesto/](https://www.kaizenko.com/a-behind-the-scenes-look-at-the-writing-of-the-agile-manifesto/)
- Teaching Agile. "Scrum Origins & Agile Principles: Complete Foundation Guide." [https://teachingagile.com/scrum/psm-1/scrum-theory-principles/scrum-history](https://teachingagile.com/scrum/psm-1/scrum-theory-principles/scrum-history)
- Next Agile. "Scrum Guide: Versions & Its Implications Over The Years." [https://nextagile.ai/blogs/agile/scrum-guide-versions-and-implications/](https://nextagile.ai/blogs/agile/scrum-guide-versions-and-implications/)
- ZenTao. "A Brief History of Agile: Ken Schwaber - A Brave Warrior (Part 1)." [https://www.zentao.pm/blog/a-brief-history-of-agile-ken-schwaber-a-brave-warrior-1-1101.html](https://www.zentao.pm/blog/a-brief-history-of-agile-ken-schwaber-a-brave-warrior-1-1101.html)

---

Expand All @@ -119,8 +121,8 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or

## DevOps History

- DevOpsDays Ghent 2009 (archive). "Welcome." [https://devopsdays.org/events/2009-ghent/welcome/](https://devopsdays.org/events/2009-ghent/welcome/)
- New Relic. "The Incredible True Story of How DevOps Got Its Name." [https://newrelic.com/blog/news/devops-name](https://newrelic.com/blog/news/devops-name)
- KnowledgeHut. "A Brief History of DevOps." [https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/devops/history-of-devops](https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/devops/history-of-devops)
- Atlassian. "History of DevOps." [https://www.atlassian.com/devops/what-is-devops/history-of-devops](https://www.atlassian.com/devops/what-is-devops/history-of-devops)
- CircleCI. "A Brief History of DevOps, Part III: Automated Testing and Continuous Integration." [https://circleci.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-devops-part-iii-automated-testing-and-continuous-integration/](https://circleci.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-devops-part-iii-automated-testing-and-continuous-integration/)

Expand All @@ -137,22 +139,21 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or
- LeSS. "What is LeSS?" [https://less.works/less/framework](https://less.works/less/framework)

**Spotify Model**
- Product School. "What Is The Spotify Model?" [https://productschool.com/blog/product-fundamentals/spotify-model-scaling-agile](https://productschool.com/blog/product-fundamentals/spotify-model-scaling-agile)
- Kniberg, Henrik. "Spotify Engineering Culture (Part 1)." Spotify Engineering Blog, 2014. [https://engineering.atspotify.com/2014/03/spotify-engineering-culture-part-1/](https://engineering.atspotify.com/2014/03/spotify-engineering-culture-part-1/)
- Kniberg, Henrik. "Spotify Engineering Culture (Part 2)." Spotify Engineering Blog, 2014. [https://engineering.atspotify.com/2014/09/spotify-engineering-culture-part-2/](https://engineering.atspotify.com/2014/09/spotify-engineering-culture-part-2/)

---

## Other Agile Methodologies

**Crystal**
- ToolsQA. "What is Crystal Method in Agile and How it is Different?" [https://www.toolsqa.com/agile/crystal-method/](https://www.toolsqa.com/agile/crystal-method/)
- ActiveCollab. "Crystal Methodology in Agile - Essential Guide." [https://activecollab.com/learn/project-management-methodologies/crystal-methods](https://activecollab.com/learn/project-management-methodologies/crystal-methods)
- Cockburn, Alistair. *Crystal Clear: A Human-Powered Methodology for Small Teams*. Addison-Wesley, 2004. [https://www.amazon.com/Crystal-Clear-Human-Powered-Methodology-Development/dp/0201699478](https://www.amazon.com/Crystal-Clear-Human-Powered-Methodology-Development/dp/0201699478)

---

## Tools and Technology History

**Git**
- GeeksforGeeks. "History of Git." [https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/git/history-of-git/](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/git/history-of-git/)
- Git SCM. "A Short History of Git." [https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-A-Short-History-of-Git](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-A-Short-History-of-Git)

**Jira**
Expand All @@ -176,11 +177,11 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or

## State of Agile Reports and Industry Analysis

- KnowledgeHut. "State of Agile 2025: Things You Need to Know." [https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/agile/state-of-agile](https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/agile/state-of-agile)
- StarAgile. "State of Agile 2025: Insights, Trends, and Key Findings." [https://staragile.com/blog/state-of-agile](https://staragile.com/blog/state-of-agile)
- Electro IQ. "Agile Statistics and Facts: Adoption, Market Size & Trends (2025)." [https://electroiq.com/stats/agile-statistics/](https://electroiq.com/stats/agile-statistics/)
- Digital.ai. "17th State of Agile Report." [https://digital.ai/resource-center/analyst-reports/state-of-agile-report](https://digital.ai/resource-center/analyst-reports/state-of-agile-report)
- PMWares. "17th Annual State of Agile Report – Summary & Key Findings." [https://pmwares.com/summary-of-the-17th-annual-state-of-agile-report-summary-key-findings/](https://pmwares.com/summary-of-the-17th-annual-state-of-agile-report-summary-key-findings/)

Note: annual "state of agile" reports are often vendor-sponsored or survey-driven; use them as directional evidence rather than neutral ground truth.

---

## Critical Perspectives and Modern Debates
Expand All @@ -200,7 +201,6 @@ This bibliography accompanies the comprehensive history of agile methodology, or

- O'Reilly Media. *Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit*. [https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/lean-software-development/0321150783/](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/lean-software-development/0321150783/)
- Google Books. *Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit*. [https://books.google.com/books/about/Lean_Software_Development.html?id=IJ1gAgAAQBAJ](https://books.google.com/books/about/Lean_Software_Development.html?id=IJ1gAgAAQBAJ)
- UMA Technology. "10 Books Every Tech Professional Should Read." [https://umatechnology.org/10-books-every-tech-professional-should-read/](https://umatechnology.org/10-books-every-tech-professional-should-read/)
- Gihyo (Japan). "#27 Ward Cunningham: Wiki Inventor; Agile Programming Pioneer." [https://gihyo.jp/dev/serial/01/software_designers/0027](https://gihyo.jp/dev/serial/01/software_designers/0027)

---
Expand Down
8 changes: 8 additions & 0 deletions agile/history.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -12,6 +12,14 @@ The intellectual DNA of agile traces through three distinct tributaries: the Toy

-----

## Evidence basis

- **Primary sources:** Agile Manifesto materials, Scrum Guide publications, first-party organizational posts, and canonical books from key contributors.
- **Secondary sources:** Historical syntheses and academic retrospectives.
- **Caveat:** Some adoption and trend statements rely on industry surveys and vendor analyses, and should be interpreted as directional rather than definitive.

-----

## Manufacturing philosophy crossed into software through lean thinking

The Toyota Production System (TPS), developed by **Taiichi Ohno** and **Shigeo Shingo** from the late 1940s through the 1960s, established core concepts that would later permeate agile thinking. TPS introduced just-in-time delivery, jidoka (stop-the-line quality control), kaizen (continuous improvement), and systematic waste elimination. Ohno’s insight that “all we are doing is looking at the time line, from the moment the customer gives us an order to the point when we collect the cash” anticipated agile’s focus on flow and customer value.
Expand Down
21 changes: 16 additions & 5 deletions fonts/programming-fonts-complete-guide.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -10,6 +10,12 @@ See also: [Programming fonts in 2026: a comprehensive survey](programming-fonts-

Programming fonts have evolved from mechanical typewriter constraints into a sophisticated ecosystem of **80+ purpose-designed typefaces** optimized for code readability. The modern landscape spans free open-source options like **Fira Code** (81,000+ GitHub stars) and **JetBrains Mono**, platform-bundled fonts like **SF Mono** and **Consolas**, and premium commercial options including **MonoLisa** and **Operator Mono**. The 2014 introduction of programming ligatures—where character sequences like `=>` render as connected symbols—revolutionized the field, while the **Nerd Fonts** project now patches 50+ fonts with 10,000+ icons for modern terminal workflows.

## Method and source quality

This guide prioritizes primary project sources (official font repositories, foundry pages, release notes, and licensing documents).
Historical context and adoption signals also draw on secondary coverage, which is useful for narrative context but less authoritative than original project documentation.
Repository-star counts and popularity indicators are point-in-time metrics and should be read as approximate.

---

## From typewriters to terminals: the origins of monospace
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -241,11 +247,16 @@ For high-DPI displays, traditional hinting becomes less important (sufficient pi
- Nerd Fonts cheat sheet (searchable icons): https://www.nerdfonts.com/cheat-sheet
- Ligaturizer (add Fira Code ligatures to any font): https://github.com/ToxicFrog/Ligaturizer

**Historical and technical references**:
- Wikipedia's monospaced font article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monospaced_font
- mass:werk's DEC CRT typography analysis: https://www.masswerk.at/nowgobang/2019/dec-crt-typography
- Microsoft ClearType Font Collection history: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/cleartype/clear-type-font-collection
- Evil Martians' "Beyond Monospace" analysis: https://evilmartians.com/chronicles/beyond-monospace-the-search-for-the-perfect-coding-font
**Primary and high-authority references**:
- Microsoft typography documentation (ClearType collection): https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/cleartype/clear-type-font-collection
- IBM Plex project: https://www.ibm.com/plex/
- Source Code Pro repository: https://github.com/adobe-fonts/source-code-pro
- Cascadia Code repository: https://github.com/microsoft/cascadia-code

**Secondary references (contextual, lower authority)**:
- Wikipedia monospaced font overview: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monospaced_font
- mass:werk DEC CRT typography analysis: https://www.masswerk.at/nowgobang/2019/dec-crt-typography
- Evil Martians "Beyond Monospace" analysis: https://evilmartians.com/chronicles/beyond-monospace-the-search-for-the-perfect-coding-font

**Designer pages**:
- LucasFonts (Luc(as) de Groot/Consolas): https://www.lucasfonts.com/
Expand Down
Loading