feat(sql): add base sql/driver wrappers

[giortzisg]

Description

This PR adds the base passthrough wrappers for database/sql/driver and the public API . Instrumentation will be added in a follow-up PR.

The core design is for sentryConn to always expose context-aware interfaces. Then each method delegates to the underlying driver implementation. For legacy drivers the wrapper falls back to the non-context methods. This way we can correctly instrument the legacy drivers as well with the correct context.

#skip-changelog

Issues

• resolves: feat(sql): implement sentrysql sub-module with passthrough driver wrappers #1277
• resolves: GO-137

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[linear-code]

GO-95 Database/SQL Integration

GO-137 feat(sql): implement sentrysql sub-module with passthrough driver wrappers

[cursor]

Cursor Bugbot has reviewed your changes and found 2 potential issues.

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[aldy505]

Honestly this is useless, it just guards whenever the cancel is called before we call the ex.Exec(). If it's already passed, then it won't be canceled at all.

[giortzisg]

Not completely useless, but I get your point

[github-actions]

Semver Impact of This PR

🟡 Minor (new features)

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