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Laravel MySQL Snapshots

Create, manage, and load MySQL database snapshots with ease

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Overview

Laravel MySQL Snapshots is a powerful package that streamlines the process of creating, managing, and loading MySQL database snapshots in your Laravel applications. Perfect for syncing production data to local development environments, creating test fixtures, or maintaining database backups across different storage systems.

Features

  • 📸 Flexible Snapshot Plans - Define multiple snapshot configurations with custom naming, tables, and options
  • ☁️ Cloud Storage Integration - Seamlessly store and retrieve snapshots from any Laravel filesystem disk
  • 📊 Enhanced List Display - View snapshots in formatted tables with file sizes and timestamps
  • ⚡ Smart Caching - Automatic timestamp-based cache validation for faster subsequent loads
  • 📈 Progress Indicators - Visual feedback for large snapshot downloads
  • 🔧 Post-Load SQL Commands - Execute custom SQL commands automatically after loading snapshots
  • 👥 Plan Groups - Batch operations on related plans with automatic detection
  • 🔒 Environment Locks - Restrict snapshot creation/loading to specific environments
  • 🗂️ Partial Snapshots - Include/exclude specific tables or use schema-only dumps
  • 🧹 Automatic Cleanup - Keep only the most recent N snapshots per plan

Installation

Install the package via Composer:

composer require ziffmedia/laravel-mysql-snapshots

Publish the configuration file:

php artisan vendor:publish --provider='ZiffMedia\LaravelMysqlSnapshots\MysqlSnapshotsServiceProvider'

This will create a config/mysql-snapshots.php file in your application.

Configuration

The configuration file allows you to define snapshot plans, storage locations, and behavior. Here's an overview of the key configuration options:

Basic Configuration Structure

return [
    'cache_by_default' => false,  // Enable smart caching

    'filesystem' => [
        'local_disk'   => 'local',      // Local disk for caching
        'local_path'   => 'mysql-snapshots',
        'archive_disk' => 'cloud',      // Cloud disk for storage
        'archive_path' => 'mysql-snapshots',
    ],

    // Global SQL commands to run after ANY snapshot load
    'post_load_sqls' => [
        // 'UPDATE users SET environment = "local"',
    ],

    // Plan groups: Named groups of plans for batch operations
    'plan_groups' => [
        // 'daily' => [
        //     'plans' => ['daily-base', 'daily-extra'],
        // ],
    ],

    'plans' => [
        'daily' => [
            'connection'         => null,  // Database connection (null = default)
            'file_template'      => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-{date:Ymd}',
            'mysqldump_options'  => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces',
            'tables'             => [],    // Empty = all tables
            'ignore_tables'      => [],
            'schema_only_tables' => ['failed_jobs'],  // Only dump structure
            'keep_last'          => 7,     // Keep last N snapshots
            'environment_locks'  => [
                'create' => 'production',  // Only create in production
                'load'   => 'local',       // Only load in local
            ],
            'post_load_sqls' => [
                // Plan-specific SQL commands
            ],
        ],
    ],

    'utilities' => [
        'mysqldump' => 'mysqldump',
        'mysql'     => 'mysql',
        'zcat'      => 'zcat',
        'gzip'      => 'gzip',
    ],
];

Configuration Options Explained

Global Options

  • cache_by_default - Enable automatic timestamp-based cache validation

Filesystem

  • local_disk - Laravel disk for local caching (default: local)
  • local_path - Path on local disk for cached snapshots
  • archive_disk - Laravel disk for archived snapshots (typically cloud storage)
  • archive_path - Path on archive disk

Plans

Each plan can have the following options:

  • connection - Database connection name (null for default)
  • file_template - Snapshot filename template (supports {date:format} placeholder)
  • mysqldump_options - Additional options passed to mysqldump
  • tables - Array of specific tables to include (empty = all tables)
  • ignore_tables - Array of tables to exclude
  • schema_only_tables - Array of tables to dump structure only (no data)
  • keep_last - Number of snapshots to retain (older ones are deleted)
  • environment_locks - Restrict operations to specific environments
    • create - Environment(s) where snapshots can be created
    • load - Environment(s) where snapshots can be loaded
  • post_load_sqls - Array of SQL commands to execute after loading

Usage

List Snapshots

View all available snapshots with file sizes and timestamps:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:list

View snapshots for a specific plan:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:list daily

Example output:

Plan: daily

┌───┬────────────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────┬──────────┐
│ # │ Filename                           │ Created             │ Size     │
├───┼────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────┼──────────┤
│ 1 │ mysql-snapshot-daily-20250115.gz   │ 2025-01-15 10:30:00 │ 125.4 MB │
│ 2 │ mysql-snapshot-daily-20250114.gz   │ 2025-01-14 10:30:00 │ 123.8 MB │
└───┴────────────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────┴──────────┘

Create Snapshots

Create a snapshot using the specified plan:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:create daily

Create a snapshot and automatically cleanup old ones:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:create daily --cleanup

Create snapshots for all plans in a plan group:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:create daily-group

Load Snapshots

Load the newest snapshot from the first available plan:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:load

Load a specific plan:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily

Load with caching (keeps local copy for faster subsequent loads):

php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily --cached

Download fresh snapshot and keep it cached:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily --recached

Load without dropping existing tables:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily --no-drop

Skip post-load SQL commands:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily --skip-post-commands

Load all plans in a plan group sequentially:

php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily-group

Advanced Features

Smart Caching

Enable smart caching to automatically validate cached snapshots based on timestamps:

'cache_by_default' => true,

When enabled, the system stores metadata (.meta.json files) alongside cached snapshots. On subsequent loads, it checks if the archive file is newer than the cached version and automatically refreshes if needed.

Post-Load SQL Commands

Execute SQL commands automatically after loading snapshots. Useful for environment-specific adjustments. Commands execute in this order:

  1. Global commands - Run after each individual plan loads
  2. Plan-specific commands - Run after the specific plan loads
  3. Plan group commands - Run after all plans in a group have loaded

Global commands (run after any snapshot load):

'post_load_sqls' => [
    'UPDATE users SET email = CONCAT("user+", id, "@example.test") WHERE is_admin = 0',
    'ANALYZE TABLE users, orders, products',
],

Plan-specific commands (run after loading specific plan):

'plans' => [
    'daily' => [
        // ...
        'post_load_sqls' => [
            'UPDATE settings SET environment = "local"',
            'DELETE FROM cache WHERE expires_at < NOW()',
        ],
    ],
],

Plan group commands (run after all plans in the group have loaded):

'plan_groups' => [
    'daily' => [
        'plans' => ['daily-base', 'daily-extra'],
        'post_load_sqls' => [
            'ANALYZE TABLE users, orders',  // Run after both plans are loaded
            'OPTIMIZE TABLE products',
        ],
    ],
],

Plan Groups

Group related plans for batch operations:

'plan_groups' => [
    'daily' => [
        'plans' => ['daily-base', 'daily-savings-partial'],
        'post_load_sqls' => [
            // Optional: SQL commands to run after ALL plans in group are loaded
            'ANALYZE TABLE users',
        ],
    ],
],

Then operate on all plans in the group:

# System automatically detects "daily" is a plan group
php artisan mysql-snapshots:create daily
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily

Progress Indicators

Large snapshot downloads automatically display progress bars with download speed and percentage:

Loading mysql-snapshot-daily-20250115.gz...
 125 MB/250 MB [▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓░░░░░░░░░░░░] 50% 5.2 MB/s

MariaDB Support

If you're using MariaDB instead of MySQL, you'll need to adjust your mysqldump_options since MariaDB's mysqldump doesn't support certain MySQL-specific flags.

MySQL 8.0+ recommended options:

'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0',

MariaDB recommended options:

'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces',

Use Cases & Examples

Use Case 1: Simple Daily Production Sync

Scenario: Sync production database to local development daily.

'plans' => [
    'daily' => [
        'connection' => null,
        'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-{date:Ymd}',
        'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0',
        'schema_only_tables' => ['failed_jobs'],
        'keep_last' => 7,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'production',
            'load' => 'local',
        ],
        'post_load_sqls' => [
            'UPDATE users SET email = CONCAT("user+", id, "@test.local")',
        ],
    ],
],

Workflow:

# On production (automated via cron)
php artisan mysql-snapshots:create daily --cleanup

# On local
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily --cached

Use Case 2: Split Large Database

Scenario: Production database is too large. Split into base data and a filtered subset of large table.

'plan_groups' => [
    'daily' => [
        'plans' => ['daily-base', 'daily-transactions-partial'],
    ],
],

'plans' => [
    'daily-base' => [
        'connection' => null,
        'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-base-{date:Ymd}',
        'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0 --skip-lock-tables',
        'ignore_tables' => ['transactions'],  // Exclude large table
        'keep_last' => 1,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'production',
            'load' => 'local',
        ],
    ],

    'daily-transactions-partial' => [
        'connection' => null,
        'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-transactions-partial-{date:Ymd}',
        'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0 --skip-lock-tables --where="created_at >= \'2025-01-01\'"',
        'tables' => ['transactions'],  // Only this table
        'keep_last' => 1,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'production',
            'load' => 'local',
        ],
    ],
],

Workflow:

# On production (automated)
php artisan mysql-snapshots:create daily  # Creates both plans

# On local (system auto-detects plan group and loads both)
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily --cached

Use Case 3: Multiple Environments with Different Data

Scenario: Maintain separate snapshots for staging and production, with environment-specific post-load adjustments.

'plans' => [
    'production-daily' => [
        'connection' => null,
        'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-production-{date:Ymd}',
        'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces',
        'keep_last' => 7,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'production',
            'load' => ['local', 'testing'],
        ],
        'post_load_sqls' => [
            'UPDATE settings SET app_env = "local"',
            'UPDATE users SET email = CONCAT("user+", id, "@test.local") WHERE role != "admin"',
            'TRUNCATE TABLE sessions',
        ],
    ],

    'staging-daily' => [
        'connection' => null,
        'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-staging-{date:Ymd}',
        'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces',
        'keep_last' => 3,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'staging',
            'load' => ['local', 'testing'],
        ],
    ],
],

Use Case 4: Testing with Specific Fixtures

Scenario: Create specialized snapshots for different test scenarios.

'plans' => [
    'test-base' => [
        'connection' => 'testing',
        'file_template' => 'test-base-{date:Ymd}',
        'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction',
        'keep_last' => 1,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'local',
            'load' => ['local', 'testing'],
        ],
    ],

    'test-with-orders' => [
        'connection' => 'testing',
        'file_template' => 'test-orders-{date:Ymd}',
        'tables' => ['users', 'orders', 'order_items', 'products'],
        'keep_last' => 1,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'local',
            'load' => ['local', 'testing'],
        ],
    ],
],

Use Case 5: Optimized Performance Snapshots

Scenario: Large database with optimizations for faster dumps and loads.

'plans' => [
    'daily-full' => [
        'connection' => null,
        'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-{date:Ymd}',
        'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0',
        'schema_only_tables' => ['failed_jobs', 'telescope_entries', 'activity_log'],
        'ignore_tables' => ['sessions', 'cache'],
        'keep_last' => 1,
        'environment_locks' => [
            'create' => 'production',
            'load' => 'local',
        ],
        'post_load_sqls' => [
            'ANALYZE TABLE users',
            'ANALYZE TABLE orders',
            'ANALYZE TABLE products',
        ],
    ],
],

'cache_by_default' => true,  // Enable smart caching

Workflow:

# First load (downloads from cloud)
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily-full --cached

# Subsequent loads (uses cached copy, very fast)
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily-full --cached

# When new snapshot available (automatically detects and refreshes)
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily-full --cached

Real-World Configuration Example

Here's a complete configuration from a production application with a large database:

<?php

return [
    'cache_by_default' => true,

    'filesystem' => [
        'local_disk' => 'local',
        'local_path' => 'mysql-snapshots',
        'archive_disk' => 'cloud',
        'archive_path' => 'mysql-snapshots',
    ],

    'post_load_sqls' => [
        'SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1',
    ],

    'plan_groups' => [
        'daily' => [
            'plans' => ['daily-base', 'daily-transactions-partial'],
            'post_load_sqls' => [
                'ANALYZE TABLE users',
            ],
        ],
    ],

    'plans' => [
        'daily-base' => [
            'connection' => null,
            'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-base-{date:Ymd}',
            'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0 --skip-lock-tables',
            'tables' => [],
            'ignore_tables' => ['transactions'],
            'keep_last' => 1,
            'environment_locks' => [
                'create' => 'production',
                'load' => 'local',
            ],
            'post_load_sqls' => [
                'UPDATE users SET email = CONCAT("dev+", id, "@company.local") WHERE is_admin = 0',
            ],
        ],

        'daily-transactions-partial' => [
            'connection' => null,
            'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-transactions-partial-{date:Ymd}',
            'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0 --skip-lock-tables --where="created_at >= \'2025-01-01\'"',
            'tables' => ['transactions'],
            'keep_last' => 1,
            'environment_locks' => [
                'create' => 'production',
                'load' => 'local',
            ],
        ],

        'daily-full' => [
            'connection' => null,
            'file_template' => 'mysql-snapshot-daily-{date:Ymd}',
            'mysqldump_options' => '--single-transaction --no-tablespaces --set-gtid-purged=OFF --column-statistics=0',
            'schema_only_tables' => ['failed_jobs'],
            'tables' => [],
            'keep_last' => 1,
            'environment_locks' => [
                'create' => 'production',
                'load' => 'local',
            ],
        ],
    ],

    'utilities' => [
        'mysqldump' => 'mysqldump',
        'mysql' => 'mysql',
        'zcat' => 'zcat',
        'gzip' => 'gzip',
    ],
];

Automating Snapshot Creation

Using Laravel Scheduler

Add to app/Console/Kernel.php:

protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
{
    // Create daily snapshot at 2 AM
    $schedule->command('mysql-snapshots:create daily --cleanup')
        ->dailyAt('02:00')
        ->onOneServer()
        ->environments(['production']);
}

Using Cron

# Create snapshot daily at 2 AM
0 2 * * * cd /path/to/app && php artisan mysql-snapshots:create daily --cleanup

Debugging & Verbosity

All commands support Laravel's standard verbosity flags to display additional debugging information:

# Verbose output - shows detailed operation information
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily -v

# Very verbose - shows command execution details
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily -vv

# Debug output - shows all internal operations
php artisan mysql-snapshots:load daily -vvv

Use verbose flags when troubleshooting issues like:

  • Failed snapshot loads or creates
  • Slow downloads or connection problems
  • Post-load SQL commands not executing as expected
  • Cache behavior issues

Testing

Run the test suite:

phpunit

Changelog

Please see CHANGELOG for more information on what has changed recently.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request.

Security

If you discover any security related issues, please email security@ziffmedia.com instead of using the issue tracker.

Credits

License

The MIT License (MIT). Please see License File for more information.

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Laravel package for creating MySQL Snapshots with command line tools mysqldump, mysql, etc.

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v1.1.0 - Enhanced Features and Smart Caching Latest
Dec 8, 2025

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